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Mod 7 Week 1,2,3,4

PT Chapter 1,2,3,4 week 1,2,3,4

QuestionAnswer
What is another name for quinine? Jesuit powder, after the spanish priest who sent it to Europe.
Who named the first antibiotic, and what was it? Alexander Fleming--penicillin.
What did Frederich Serturner do? He extracted morphine from opium.
What was the first local anesthetic? Cocaine-found in Coca leaves by Indians of the Andes by chewing the leaves.
What did the discovery of cocaine revolutionize? Surgery and Dentistry due to local anesthesia versues whole body.
What are hormones? functions and processes.
What did Galen believe? Galen believed in the vigorous application of a scientific approach to medicine and his emphasis education,observation,and logic for med the cornerstone for Western medicine.
What is a therapeutic substitution? Generic Equivalent.
What was the first drug to be used successfully in the treatment of malaria? Quinine.
What is Jonas Salk best known for? Refined injection-table polio vaccine from killed polio virus.
How about Albert Sabin? Albert Sabin develops an oral polio vaccine using a weakened live virus that could be taken orally rather than by injection.
What is the Shen Nung Pen Tsao? The first official Chinese "herbal" the Shen Nung Pen Tsao 365 herbs for use in health treatment,1st Chinese Pharmacopiea.
When did the first publicized operation using general anesthesia occur? 1846.
When did the supernatural approach to treating illness convert more to the scientific approach? 400 B.C.
What is the most widely used drug in the world? Aspirin.
What did Charaka do? Charaka wrote the Charaka Samhitta, the first great book of Indian medicine,with among other things describes over 500 herbal drugs that had been known and used in India for many centuries.
How many years has the average life span increased in the 20th century? By over twenty years.
When was the birth control pill introduced? 1960.
When was the first human trail of insulin conducted? In January 1922.
Imhotep was the first physician known by what? By Name.
What does Panacea mean? A cure-all.
Who is the world's leading producer of medical pharmaceuticals? The U.S.
When was the first documented case of AIDS? 1981.
Who performs drug regulations in the US? The (FDA) Food Drug Administration.
What did Carl Koller do with cocaine? Carl koller used the cocaine the first local anesthetic for eye surgery.
What is the human genome? Human genome the complete set of genetic material contained in a human cell.
What are Banting and Best known for? Frederick Banting and Charles best show that an extract of hormone,insulin,will lower blood sugar in dogs and so may be useful in the treatment of the terrible disease diabetes.
What is sarsaparilla known for? Sarsaprilla, became very popular in Europpe for its use on kidney and bladder ailments and can be found to this day in many medicinal teas.
Who performed an early form of immunizations? King Mithridates of Pontos.
What did Louis Pasteur's work show? Louis Pasteur's experiments show that microorganisms cause food spoilage and that heat can be used to kill them and preserve the food.
What is pharmacology? The study of drugs- their properties,uses,application,and effects.
What was the Chinese Emperor Shen Nung known for? Chinese Emperor Shen Nung the first known practitioners of "trail and error" drug testing,he is credited with establishing hundreds of herbal medicines.
3 out of 5 pharmacies work where? Community Pharmacies.
What is quinine made from? White willow.
What did Russell Marker create? Hormone Progesterone.
What did Ancient Sumerians believe? Ancient Sumerians Believed that demons were the cause of illness.
What is foxglove a plant source for? Used in treating heart disease.
What did Pfizer do in the 1940's? Mass production penicillin.
What is the Papyrus Ebers? The most complete record of ancient Egyptian medicine and pharmacology.
What did Dioscorides wirte? Discorides wrote the De Matreia Media,five books that described over 600 pplants and their healing properties.
What did Rhazes write? Rhaazes wrote one of the most popular text books pf medicine in the Middle Ages, the book of medicine Dedicated to Mansur.
What did Paracelsus do? Paracelsus generally credited with family establishing the use of chemically to create
What did Edward Jenner do? Edward Jenner successfully uses a vaccine form the milder cowpox disease inoculate against smallpox.
How about Dr.Zabdiel Boylston? Dr. Zabdiel Boylston becomes the first person in what is now the United States to administer a smallpox vaccine.
What does the largest area of the ExCPT cover? Dispensing process-52%.
The largest part of the PTCE covers what? Assisting the pharmacist serve patients-66% (customer service).
The PTCE has how many questions? 90 multiple choice.
To pass the PTCE, the candidate must score what? At least a 650 out of 900 (72%).
The ExCPT contains how many questions? 110 multiple choice.
The time allowed to take both the PTCE and the ExCPT? 2 hours.
Pharmacy techs who pass the PTCE or the ExCPT can have what designation? CPhT (Certified Pharmacy TEchnicain).
What is the pharmacy law continuting education requirement for CPhTs? At least one hour of pharmacy law every two years
How often must CPhT recertification occur? every two years.
What are the requirements? 20 contact hours of pharmacy related continuing education.
What type of facilities are most accredited pharmacy tech training programs? Ones that have meet ASHP standards (American Society Of Health-Systems Pharmacists); community technical and career colleges.
What is HIPAA? Health Insurance Portability Act-which states to keep all patients health and personnal information protected whether on paper or electronic.
In regards to HIPAA, what is a patient's PHI? Protected Health Information.
What is confidentiality? The requiremnet of health care providers to keep all patient information private among the patient,patients insuerer and the providers directly invovlved in the patients care.
Why do you think confidentiality is so important in phamracy? 1-Complies with HIPAA 2-Information is personnal and should be kept that way unless individual wants to share it.
Why do you think health, hygiene and appearance important in pharmacy? H & H are important for job performance in all areas, appearance-look clean make confidence and look professional.
What must be done with a patients files or documents? must be kept securely stored.
What about an electronic transmission of health information? must be done via HIPAA compliant electronic data interchange (EDI)(entered in code)
What is the scope of paractice? what an individual may or may not do in the job.
Where are most pharmacy techs employed? Community pharmacies.
What does the state board of pharmacy establish? specific training and certification requirement.
Where are most pharmacy techs employed? Community pharmacies.
Who provides direct supervision over pharmacy techs? The licensed pharmacist.
Who can provide conseling to patients? Pharmacists only.
What does the state board of pharmacy establish? specific training and certification requirement.
What does being competent mean? knowing what to do and how to do it qulaified and capable.
Who provides direct supervision over pharmacy techs? The licensed pharmacist.
Who can provide conseling to patients? Pharmacists only.
What is inventory? to make an accouting of items,on hand , with people, to assess characteristics, skils, qualities, etc.
Who determines specfic tasks and rsponsiblilites for pharmacy techs? The employer.
What is ASHP? The American Society of Health-Systems of Pharmacists; the leading association for pharmacists practicing in hospitals and other helath care systems.
Who provides the model curriculum for pharmacy tech training? the ASHP.
Define professionals. individuals who receive extensive and advanced levels of education before being allowed to practice, such as physicians & pharmacists.
Define technicians. Individuals who are given basic level trainin designed to help them perform specific tasks.
What has happened to the number of states that require some form of technician training in the last ten years? The number of states have increased.
What caused the Food Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1938? Fatal poisoning of 107 people from a Sulfimide concotion.
What act defines which drugs require a prescription? 1951 Durham-Humphrey Amendment Act.
The Kefauver-Harris Amendment of 1962 required manufacturers to provide what? Drugs to be shown safe, effective and its benefits substantially outweigh it's risk prior to being marketed.
What does the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 require? Child proof packaging on all controlled drugs and most prescription drugs dispensed by pharmacies.
The DEA is a division of what? The Justice Department. (Drug regulations)
What does the Orphan Drug Act provide? Incentives to promote research, approval and marketing of drugs needed for treatment of rare diseases.
What does the Orphan Drug Act provide? Incentives to promote research, approval and marketing of drugs needed for treatment of rare diseases.
Which act requires pharmacists to offer counseling to Medicaid patients receiving prescriptions? 1990 Onmibus Reconcilliation Act(OBRA).
What does HIPPA provide regulations for? Confidentiality of patients personal and health information.
What is the Hatch-Waxman Act? 1984 Drug Price Competition & Patent Term Restoration Act which allows for both the extension of drug patent terms, and quicker intoduction of lower cost generic drugs.
Whose responsibility is it to provide proof that a drug is safe and effective? The manufacurers.
What do clinical trials involve? Testing of drugs on a small number of participants.
What is a placebo? An inactive substance given in place of a medication.
What is the main purpose of phase 1 clinical drug testing? Safety of the drug being tested.
What is the main purpose of phase II? Purpose: Short-term safety but mainly effectiveness.
What phase do patients get involved in clincal drug testing? Phase 1.
The Waxman-Hatch Act providded how may years extension of patent protection beyond the 17 years for a drug patent? Five years extension.
What are pharmaceutical equivalents? Drug product that contain identical amounts of the same active ingredient in the same dosage form.
What are the restrictions the Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act put in to effect? Daily/monthly limits on amouts sold to one person 3.6g/day and 7.5g/month.
How old do you hsve to be to buy exempt narcotic? At least 18 years old of age.
How are the sales of exempt narcotic limited? Limits for how many dosage units can be sold in any given 48-hour period are followed.
At what age is it nessary to have a prescription for emergency contraceptives? 17 years and youner.
What does the first set of numbers in an NDC indicate? The first set indicates the manufacturer.
What about the second set? The second set indicates the medication,its strenth,and dosage form.
And the third set? The third set indicates the package size.
What are schedule I drugs used for? No acceptable medical use in the U.S.
What schedule are exempt narcotics? Schedule V.
What schedule are anabolic steroids? Schedule III.
Who established the Controlled Substance Act? The U.S. Congress.
What is a DEA form 222 for? Used to order C-I and C-II substances, only Pharmacists allowed to use this form in the pharmacy.
Who usually keeps copy 2 of a DEA form 222? It is forwarded to the DEA.
What is MedWatch? An FDA reporting program for health-care professionals to report adverse drug effects
Drug recalls are the responsibility of whom? The manufacturer.
What is the most serious classification of a drug recall? Class-I.
What is the ASHP? American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacists:Largest association for pharmacists in hospitals and other health systems, setting standards for cirriculum,tranining and certification.
What is the USP? Unites States Pharmacopiea:Non profit organization that sets standards for the manufacture and distribution of drugs and related products in the U.S.
What is a requirement for manufacturers to put on a presciption drug label? Active ingredients;brand name;NDC #;mfg name/address;drug form;qty;lot #/expir.date; storage requirement;type of container;legend statement;generic name;controlled substance mark (if applicale);directions of use;cautionary statements.
What is JCAHO? Joint Commission on Acreditation of Health Care Organizations: They established the standards and monitor compliance for health programs. Example:hospitals,health care networks,HMOs and nursing homes,among others
qd every day.
prn as needed.
pm in the afternoon or the evening.
susp suspension.
NR No Refills.
ad right ear.
stat immediately.
qs quantity sufficient.
syr syrup.
hs bedtime.
bid twice a day.
ac before meals.
tid three times a day.
q_h every hour.
Elix Elixir.
AAA Apply to Affected Areas.
ss one half.
q every.
tsp teaspoon.
c with.
po by mouth.
pc after meals.
SOB Shortness Of Breath
DAW Dispense As Written.
pr rectally/per rectum.
WA While Awake.
app apply.
am in the morning.
IM Intra-Muscular.
as left ear.
g gram.
crm cream.
NPO Nothing By Mouth
top topical.
NS Normal Saline.
liq liquid.
qud four times a day.
od right eyes.
SL Sublingually.
IV Intra-Veinous.
cc with food or cubic centimeter.
ung ointment.
supp suppository.
ou both eyes.
ha headache.
Created by: Rodney C
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