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antiepileptic

Ch. 15 Pharm

QuestionAnswer
What is a seizure brief episode of abnormal electrical activity in nerve cells of brain
what is a convulsion involuntary spasmodic contractions thru body, incl skeletal and facial muscles
what is epilepsy chronic, recurrent pattern of seizures
what is different b/n primary and secondary epilepsy primary- idiopathic, 50% cases secondary- symptomatic, trauma, infection
what are two parts of partial seizures simple- petit mal, no impaired consciousness, personality changes comlex- impaired consciousness, memory issues, tonic-clonic
what are generalize onset seizures children, temp lapse of consiousness, stare off, daydream, known as grand mal
what are status epilepticus prolonged or clustered seizures
what is drug of choice Diazepam (Valium)
Antiepileptics drug therapy (AEDs) known as anticonvulsants, lifelong, single before multiple, sm. therapeutic window, if seizure free for 1-2 yrs, then may discontinue drug
MOA of AED prevent generation and spread of excessive electrical discharge from abnormal nerve cells, protect normal cells, alter NA, K, Cl ions, neurons stabilized
What is the black box warning for AEDs suicidal thoughts and behavior
what are adverse effects of AEDs long terms use of phenytoin may cause gingival hyperplasia(puffy gums), acne, hirsutism(abnormal growth of hair), Dilantin facies(classic look)
what are some AED drugs barbituates (phenobarbital, Luminal)- long half life, 1 a day carbamazepine(Tegretol)- autoinduction, uses drug up, not enuf valproic acid(Depakene) felbamate(Felbatol) Hydantoins- phenytoin(Dilantin) and fosphenytoin- narrow index
more AED drugs Keppra, Lyrica, Gabitril, Topamax
If pt is NPO, what do you do about AEDs ask physician if pt gets drug before surgery
what is extravasation of fluids fluids leak out in surrounding tissues
What is a nursing implication to be used with Dilantin with all AEDs only use NS with IV Dilantin keep journal, wear medial alert, not be discontinued abruptly, driving
Created by: palmerag
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