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AP Psych Ch. 12
Terms in AP Psych Ch. 12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| motivation | a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior |
| instinct | a complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species or unlearned |
| drive-reduction theory | the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an organsim to satisfy the need |
| homeostasis | the tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level |
| incentive | a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior |
| hierarchy of needs | Maslow's pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must be satisfied and then psychological needs become active |
| glucose | the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When it's level is low, we feel hunger. |
| set point | the point at which an individual's "weight thermostat" is supposedly set. When the body falls below this weight, an increase in hunger lowered metabolic rate may act to restore the lost weight. |
| basal metabolic rate | the body's resting rate of energy expenditure |
| anorexia nervosa | an eating disorder in which a normal-weight person diets and becomes significantly (15 percent or more) underweight, yet, still feeling fat, continues to starve |
| bulimia nervosa | an eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually high calorie foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise. |
| sexual response cycle | the four stages of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnsons-excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution. |
| testosterone | the most important of the male sex hormones. Both males and females have it, but additional in males stimulates growth in the male sex organs in the fetus and the development of the male sex characteristics during puberty |
| personnel psychology | a subfield of I/O psychology that focuses on employee recruitment, selection, placement, training, appraisal, and development. |
| structured interviews | interview process that asks the same job-relevant questions of all applicants, each of whom is rated on established scales |
| refractory period | a resting period after orgasm, during which a man cannot achieve another orgasm |
| estrogen | a sex hormone, secreted in greater amounts than females than by males. In nonhuman female mammals, estrogen levels peak during ovulation, promoting sexual activity. |
| sexual disorder | a problem that consistently impairs sexual arousal or functioning |
| sexual orientation | an enduring sexual attraction toward members of either own's sex (homosexual orientation) or the other sex (heterosexual orientation) |
| achievement motivation | a desire for significant accomplishment: for mastery of things, people, or ideas; for attaining a high standard. |
Created by:
DominicMurphy
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