click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chp 10- Personality
Abnormal Psychology- Personality Disorders
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Personality Trait | An enduring pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and others, a pattern that is ingrained in the matrix of the individual's psychological makeup. |
Personality Disorder | A long-lasting maladaptive pattern of inner experience and behavior, dating back to adolescence or young adulthood, that is manifested in at least 2 (cognitive, affectivity, interpersonal functioning, or impulse control). |
Antisocial Personality Disorder | Characterized by a lack of regard for society's moral or legal standards. |
Psychopathy | A personality type characterized by a cluster of traits that constitutes the core of what is now called antisocial personality disorder. Includes lack of remorse, poor judgment, impulsivity. |
Adult Antisocial Behavior | Illegal or immoral behavior, such as stealing, lying, and cheating. |
Maturation Hypothesis | Hypothesis that aging brings with it a reduction of Cluster B traits of acting out, impulsivity, and extreme behaviors. |
Borderline Personality Disorder | Characterized by a pervasive pattern of instability, most evident in relationships, mood, and sense of identity. |
Splitting | People with borderline personality disorder form suddenly intense, demanding relationships with others and perceive other people as being all good or all bad. |
Identity | Concept of who they are. |
Parasuicide | Driven into a state of suicidal thinking and self-injurious behavior but not intent on killing themselves. Considered a gesture to get attention from family, a lover, or professionals. |
Emotional Dysregulation | Lack of awareness, understanding, or acceptance of emotions; an inability to control the intensity or duration of emotions, an unwillingness to experience emotional distress as an aspect of pursuing goals; and an inability to engage in goals. |
Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) | Therapeutic approach that integrates supportive and cognitive behavioral treatments to reduce the frequency of self-destructive acts and to improve the client's ability to handle disturbing emotions, such as anger and dependency. |
Histrionic Personality Disorder | Use excessive emotion to manipulate others instead of expressing genuine feelings. |
Narcissistic Personality Disorder | Need for admiration, lack of empathy, persuasive pattern of grandiosity. |
Grandiosity | Unrealistic, inflated sense of their own importance. |
Paranoid Personality Disorder | Extreme suspicion of others and are always on guard against potential danger or harm. |
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders | Schizophrenia-like qualities but don't take on the psychotic form seen in schizophrenia. The three personality disorders and on a continuum of psychological disturbance and may be related. |
Schizoid Personality Disorder | Characterized by an indifference to social and sexual relationships, as well as a very limited range of emotional experience and expression. |
Schizotypal Personality Disorder | People are peculiar, eccentric, and oddly bizarre in the way they think, behave, and relate to others, even in how they dress. |
Latent | People with schizotypal symptoms are vulnerable to developing a full-blown psychosis if exposed to difficult life circumstances that challenge their ability to maintain contact with reality. |
Avoidant Personality Disorder | This person is always intimidated by social situations, fearful of any kind of involvement with others, and terrified by the prospect of being publicly embarrassed. |
Dependent Personality Disorder | Strongly drawn to others; clingy and passive that they may achieve the opposite of their desires as others become impatient with their lack of autonomy. Cannot make the most trivial decisions on their own. |
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder | People feel immobilized by their inability to make a decision. Intensely perfectionistic and inflexible and express these attributes in a number of maladaptive ways. |