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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Energy can neither be created nor destroyed but it can be transformed | Law of conservation of energy |
| Formed from decaying remains of ancient plants and animals | Fossil fuels |
| Burning fossil fuels converts energy from ________ bonds into heat and light | Chemical |
| Chemical energy in fossil fuels is more ______ that in other fuels such as wood | Cencentrated |
| Thick, greenish-brown, highly flammable liquid formed by decayed ancient organisms | Petroleum |
| A process called _________ separates the compounds in petroleum | Fractional distallation |
| ______used for plastic, synthetic fabrics, and other products in addition to its use as a fuel | Petroleum |
| Is also a product of decayed ancient organisms | Natural gas |
| Natural gas contains more ______ per kilogram than petroleum or coal | Energy |
| Natural gas burns more ______ than other fossil fuels | Cleanly |
| Natural gas provides about 1/4 of the energy in ______ | U.S. |
| A solid fossil fuel found underground | Coal |
| Coal produces more ______ when burned than petroleum or natural gas | Pollutants |
| Coal provides about ________ of the energy produced in the U.S. | 1/4 |
| About 90% of coal burned in the U.S. is used to produce _______ | Electricity |
| Generated when fossil fuels are burned | Electricity |
| The burned fuel releases ______ energy | Thermal |
| The thermal energy energy produces high pressure _____ | Steam |
| The steam spins a _______ | Turbine |
| The spinning turbine produces an electric ____ | Current |
| Electric current is _____ through power lines to consumers | Transmitted |
| Only about 35% of the energy in fossil fuel reaches consumers since some of the energy is ________ in every stage of the process | Converted |
| Fossil fuels have some _____ side effects | Undersireable |
| Fossil fuels _____ the environment and increase carbon monoxide in the atmosphere | Pollute |
| Mining coal can cause some ______ problems for miners | Breathing |
| Fossil fuels are ________' so its important not to waste energy | Nonrenewable resources |
| About 20% of the electricity in the U.S. comes from ______ power plants | Nuclear |
| contain a fuel, rods to control nuclear reactions, and a cooling system | Nuclear reactor |
| Heat is produced by nuclear _____- energy is released when U-235 nuclei split in two after being struck by a neutron | Fission |
| Special rods absorb excess _____to prevent dangerous chain reactions | Neutrons |
| Nuclear power plants use the heat of nuclear fission to produce ___ | Steam |
| The steam drives a _____ | Turbine |
| The turbine rotates an electric _____ | Generator |
| Nuclear power plants produce _______- radioactive by products from radioactive materials | Nuclear waste |
| Contain only a small amount of radioactive material | Low-level waste |
| Must be disposed of extremely carefully because they will remain radioactive for tens of thousands of years | High-level waste |
| The joining of nuclei - is not practical energy source due to high temp. fusion requirement | Nuclear fusion |
| Can be replaced as quickly as it is used | Renewable resource |
| Solar energy is converted into electricity by a ________ or solar cell | Photovoltaic cell |
| A solar cell converts only 15 to 20% of the sun's energy into ______ | Electricity |
| Energy produced by solar cells is more _________ than energy produced with fossil fuels | Expensive |
| Energy from solar cells must be ____ in batteries when the sun is not shining | Stored |
| Produced by moving water; it is about twice as efficient as fossil fuels or nuclear power | Hydroelectricity |
| Uses moving water; but it can only be use in places where high and low tides are different enough | Tidal energy |
| Can be used to generate electricity, but are useful only when the wind blows consistently | Wind mills |
| Thermal energy contained in hot magma; limited to areas where magma is close to the surface | Geothermal energy |
| Alternative fuels include hydrogen gas and _____- renewable organic matter such as wood or animal manure | Biomass |
Created by:
missyprissi96
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