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bkx PSY212 T3, P4
PSY-212 Test #3, Part 4: Group vs. Group
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Prejudice | Generalized attitude toward members of a social group |
| Stereotype | Generalized belief about members of social groups |
| Discrimination | Behaviors directed toward people on the basis of their group membership |
| Institutionalized discrimination | Discrimination that has been built into the legal, political, economic, and social institutions of a culture |
| Stereotyping | Process of categorizing an individual as a member of a particular group and then inferring that he or she possesses the characteristics generally held by members of that group |
| Perceived outgroup homogeneity | Phenomenon of overestimating the extent to which members within other groups are similar to each other |
| Ignorance hypothesis | If people only learned what members of other groups are truly like, they wouldn't stereotype, be prejudiced, or discriminate against them. |
| Stereotype threat | Fear that one might confirm the negative stereotypes held by others about one's group |
| Disidentification | Reduction in one's mind the relevance of a particular domain (e.g., academic achievement) to one's self-esteem |
| Minimal intergroup paradigm | Experimental procedure in which short-term, arbitrary, artificial groups are created to explore the foundations of prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination |
| Ingroup bias | Tendency to benefit members of one's own groups over members of other groups |
| Scapegoating | Blaming members of other groups for one's frustrations and failures |
| Realistic Group Conflict Theory | Proposal that intergroup conflict, and negative prejudices & stereotypes, emerge out of actual competition between groups for desired resources |
| Social Categorization | Mere categorization breeds conflict when combined with competition |
| Conflict Spiral | Conflict breeds conflict |
| Consequences of Intergroup Conflict: Changes within the Ingroup | 1) Greater internal cohesion 2) Greater outgroup rejection |
| Consequences of Intergroup Conflict: Changes in Intergroup Perception | 1) Diabolical enemy 2) Moral group image 3) Virile group image 4) Mirror images |
| Social identity | Beliefs and feelings we have toward the groups to which we see ourselves belonging |
| Authoritarianism | Tendency to submit to those having greater authority and to denigrate those having less authority |
| Six Ways Intergroup Contact Can Reduce Intergroup Conflict | 1) Outgroup possess traits that defy stereotypes 2) Contact supported by local authorities & norms 3) Groups of equal status within contact setting 4) Contact occurs at individual level 5) Contact is rewarding 6) Groups work together toward a common |
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bamkapowxo
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