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Lifespan 3&4
Berger
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The full set of chromosomes, with all the the genes they contain, that make up the genetic material of an organism. | genome |
| The basic unit for the transmission of heredity instructions. | gene |
| A reproductive cell. | gamete |
| The single cell formed from the fusing of a sperm and an ovum. | zygote |
| An organism's entire genetic inheritance, or genetic potential. | genotype |
| A slight, normal variation of a particular gene. | allele |
| The chromosome pair that, in human's, determines the zygote's sex, among other things. | 23rd pair |
| The naturally occuring termination of a pregnacy before the fetus is fully developed. | spontaneous abortion |
| Twins who have identical genes because they were formed from one zygote that split into two identical organisms very early in development. | monozygotic twins |
| Twins who were formed when two separate ova were fertilized by two seperate sperm at roughly the same time. Such twins share about half their genes, like any other siblings. | dizygotic twins |
| Processes in which certain genes code for proteins that swith other genese on and off, making sure that the other genes produce proteins at the appropriate times. | on-off switching mechanisms |
| A person's actual appearance and behavior, which are the result of both genetic and environmental influences. | phenotype |
| Referring to inherited traits that are influenced by many factors, including factors in the environment, rather than by genetic influences alone. | multifactorial |
| Referring to inherited traits that are influenced by many genes, rather than by a single gene. | polygenic |
| A gene that, through interaction with other genes, affects a specific trait such as skin color or height. | additive gene |
| The interaction of a pair of alleles in such a way tha tthe phenotype reveals the influence of one allele more than the other. | dominant-recessive pattern |
| The member of an interacting pair of alleles who influence is more evident in the phenotype. | dominant gene |
| The member of an interacting pair of alleles whose influence is less evident in the phenotype. | recessive gene |
| A person whose genotype includes a gene that is not expressed in his or her phenotype but can be passed on to his or her children. | carrier |
| The study of the genetic origins of psychological characteristics, such as personality patterns, psychological disorders, and intellectual abilities. | behavior genetics |
| Referring to a condition in which a person has a mixture of cells, some normal and some with the incorrect number of chromosomes. | mosaic |
| A genetic disorder in which part of the X chromosome is attached to the rest of it by a very thing string of molecules; often produces mental deficiency in males who inherit it. | fragile X syndrome |
| The first two weeks of development after conception; characterized by rapid cell division and the beginning of cell differentiation. | germinal period |
| Approximately the third through the eighth week after conception, the period during which the basic forms of all body structures develop. | embryonic period |
| The ninth week after conception until birth, the period during which the organs of the developing person grow in size and mature in functioning. | fetal period |
| Begininning about a week after concpetion, the burrowing of the organism into the lining of the uterus, where it can be nourished and protected during growth. | implantation |
| Teratogens: In embryonic period, causes blindness and deafness; in first and second trimesters cause brain damage. | rubella |
| Teratogens: brain damage, loss of vision, mental retardation | Toxoplasmosis |
| Teratogen: Avoid eating undercooked meat and handling cat feces, garden dirt. | Toxoplasmosis |
Created by:
blueangel0693
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