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psych test UMW ch10
psych test 3 UMW ch
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| effective encoding | taking information given to you and encoding it into one’s memory |
| rehearsal | memorizing |
| elaborative rehearsal | connecting to real life, and memorizing it that way |
| maintenance rehearsal | memorizing, ex flash cards |
| deep processing | think about a story and making connections to remember |
| “read, recite review” | read, then say it, and then check sel |
| Mnemonic | memory tricks, Sohcahtoa, Every Good Boy Does Fine |
| implicit memory | implied, can’t say, feeling memories, ex. Riding a bike |
| explicit memory | things you can say aloud |
| three memory systems | sensory, short-term, and long-term |
| sensory register | initial memory, turn and remember what you saw, perception, only lasts a few seconds |
| short term memory | stuff that you memorize in a few minutes |
| How much can short term memory hold for how long | 7 +/- 2 for a few minutes |
| working memory | manipulate stuff in your head, in frontal lobe |
| What happened to HM | lost ability to get from short to long, had hippocampus removed, still had long term memories |
| long term memory | lasts for a long time, stored throughout cortex, ex. Sight stored in occipital lobe |
| procedural memories | how to do something, learn how to ride bike, more in cerebellum. HM could still do this |
| declarative memories | memory you can talk about, facts, rules, context and events |
| semantic memories | form of declarative, broader facts, word definitions, in Weirneckes area (HM could learn new facts) |
| episodic memories | form of declarative, memory for stuff that happens to you, parts of your life |
| What memories involve hippocampus | short term memories going to longterm memories |
| Decay | not retrieved on a regular basis |
| Recognition | multiple choice options |
| Recall | just reciting answers |
| Interference | brain becomes cluttered and only use memories necessary |
| proactive interference | old stuff wiping out new stuff, old-> new (Italian coming out with a Spanish accent) |
| retroactive interference | new information replaces old, new-> old |
| serial position effect | when memorizing list of words, will remember first and last words, but not middle, because of both proactive and retroactive interference occurring in middle |
| state dependent memory | tendency to remember experiences when something when the rememberer is in the same physical/mental state as during original experience (i.e. feeling anger and then feeling the same anger previously) |
| mood congruent memory | tendency to remember experiences that are consistent with one’s current mood and overlook or forget experiences that are not (more likely to remember happy events than sad) |
| organic amnesia | happens from a brain injury |
| anterograde amnesia | time after injury is forgotten episodic memory, hippocampus, H.M. |
| retrograde amnesia | memory before injury erased, longterm memories lost |
| inaccurate about “soap opera amnesia?” | do not lose identities as well from a brain injury |
| psychogenic amnesia | (dissociative) triggered by a traumatic psychological experience, changes personality |
| causes of Alzheimer’s | prevents short term to long memories and people develop plaques and tangles in brain, go to hippocampus then rest of brain |
| neurotransmitter involved in Alzheimer’s and treatment | acetylcholine, and can take arcept and exelon |
| Salience | serial position effect is trumped by and interesting word (ex. Sex) |
| Schema | set of ideals about something that is never said |
| Elizabeth Loftus | car crash study, used different words for leading questions about an accident (smashed, hit, bumped, matched up with fastest, medium, slowest) |
| Children | more suggestible than adults |
| controversy over repressed memories | people’s memories tend to be less accurate with more time even if there was a traumatic event |
| flash bulb memories | like when JFK died or 9/11, people were less accurate later |
| childhood amnesia | inability to remember events and experiences that occurred during first two or three years of life |
Created by:
lfalkens
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