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Psy 101

Ch5 States of Consciousness

QuestionAnswer
activation-synthesis theory of dreams the theory that parts of the brain are spontaneously activated during REM sleep adn that a dream is the brain's attempt to synthesize these sensations into a coherent pattern
alcohol a class of molecules that includes methanol, ehtanol, propyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol), and others
circadian rhythm a rhythm of activity and inactivity lasting approximately 1 day
consciousness the sbjective experience of perceiving oneself and other entities
depressant drugs that predominantly decrease arousal
electroencephalograh (EEG) a device that measures and amplifies slight electrical changes on teh scalp that reflect brain activity
endorphins chemicals produced by the brain taht have effects resembling those of opiates
evolutionary therory (or energy-conservation theory) of sleep the theory that sleep evolved primarily as a means of forcing animals to conserve their energy when they are relatively inefficient
hallucination a sensory experience not corresponding to reality, such as hearing or seeing something that is not present or failing to hear or see something that is present
hallucinogens drugs that induce sensory distortions
hypersomnia excessive but unrefreshing sleep
hynosis a condition of increased suggestibility that occurs in the context of a special hypnotist-subject relationship
insomnia a failure to get enough sleep at night to feel well rested the next day
jet lag the discomfort and inefficienty that travelers experience in a new time zone because thir internal clocks are out of phase wit the light-dark cycle of their new environment
latent content the hidden content that is represented symbolically in a dream experience, according to Freud
manifest content the content that appears on the surface of a dream, according to Freud
mediation a method of inducing a calm, relaxed state through the use of special techniques
narcolepsy a condition characterized by suddenly falling asleep, or at least feeling very sleepy, during the day
narcotics drugs that produce drowsiness, insensitivity to pain, and decreased responsiveness to events
neurocognitive theory the approach that treats dreams as just another example of thinking, except that they occur under special conditions
opiates either drugs derived from the opium poppy or synthetic drugs that produce effects similar to those of opium derivatives
periodic limb movement disorder a condition that occurs during sleep, marked by unpleasant sensations in the legs and many repetitive leg movements strong enough to interrupt sleep
physical dependence a condition whereby a habitual drug user is driven to seek the drug to escape or avoid the unpleasant eithdrawal effects that occur during abstention from the drug
polysomnograph a device that measuers sleep stages using a combiantion of EEG and eye-movement records
posthypnotic suggestions a suggestion made to hypnotized subjects that they will do experience something particular after coming out of hypnosis
psychological dependence a strong repetitive desire for someting without any physical symptoms of withdrawal
rapid eye movement (REM) a stage of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements, a high level of brain activity, and deep relaxation fo the postural muscles; also known as paradoxical sleep
repair and restoration theory the theory that the purpose of sleep is to enable the body to recover from the exertions of the day
sleep apnea a condition causing a person to have trouble breathing while asleep
stimulants drugs that boost energy, heighten alertness, incresae activity, and produce a pleasant feeling
tolerance the weakened effect of a drug after repeated use
tranquilizers drugs that help people to relax
withdrawal effects experiences that occur as a result of the removal of a drug from the brain
Created by: flola1x23
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