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Anti-Infectives I
Antibiotics
Drug Class | Actions |
---|---|
Penicillins | Bacteriostatic &Bactericidal / Damages bacteria cell wall / Mostly G+ / Destroyed by acid & Beta Lactomase / Given on empty stomach / Used in combo c other antibiotic for synergistic effect / Allergies common (upset stomach = A/E) |
Cephalosporins | Damage bacteria cell wall / Broad Spectrum (G+ & G-) / More G-, less G+ / Newer Ceph's are costly / Cross sensitive to PCN / IV site change q24-48 hours to preven phlebitis / Superinfections common <opportunistic yeast infections> |
Tetracyclines | Modify protein synthesis / Bacteriostatic / Broad spectrum: Acne, STDs, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, Montazuma's Revenge, & Lyme Disease / Not given c antacids or dairy / Contraindicated in childeren & pregnant women *Except Doxycline |
Sulfonamides | Modify protein synthesis / Bacteriostatic / Used for UTI, URI, Ottis / SE: photosensitivity, blood cell abnormalities, allergies / Contraindicated in infants & pregnant women b/c teretogenic & can increase billirubin - brain damage |
Aminoglycosides | Modify protein synthesis / Bacteriocidal / Severe G- infections: E. coli, klebsiella, proteus, pseudomonas / Given IM or IV unless used to disinfect the bowel preop colon surgery, then given PO / Force fluids / Measure blood levels |
Flouroquinolones | Modify DNA synthesis / Bacteriocidal, G-& G+ / Used for UTI, URI, STDs, & skin infections / Effects CNS (warn pts. about driving) / Not given c antacid or dairy / Given PO / SE: photosensitivity, can damage cartilage & joints |