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Chapter 6 br&be

Chapter 6 evolution of the brain and behavior

QuestionAnswer
What is phylogeny? The evolutionary history of a particular group of organisms.
What is genus? A group of species that resemble each other because of shared inheritance.
What is species? A group of individuals that can readily interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
What is naturalist? A student of animal life and structure.
What is evolution? The process by which a population of interbreeding individuals changes over long periods of time
What is evolution by natural selection? The Darwinian theory that evolution proceeds by differential success in reproduction.
What is sexual selection? Darwin's theoretical mechanism for the evolution of anatomical and behavioral differences between males and females.
What is mutation? A change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene as a result of unfaithful replication.
What is genetics? The study of inheritance including the genes encoded in DNA.
What is a chromosome? A complex of condensed strands of DNA and associated protein molecultes; found in the nucleus of cells.
What is taxonomy? The classification of organisms.
What is convergent evolution? The evolutionary process by which responses to similar ecological features bring about similarities in behavior or structure among animals that are only distantly related.
What is homoplasy? The similar appearance of features, often due to convergent evolution.
What is homology? A resemblance based on common ancestry.
What is analogy? Similarity of function, although structures of interest may look different.
What is a giant axon? A large-diameter axon; found in some invertebrates.
What is neuropili? The conglomeration of dendrites and the synapses upon them.
What is endocast? A cast of the cranial cavity of a skull, especially useful for studying fossils of extinct species.
What is the isocortex? Cerebral cortex that is made up of six distinct layers, formerly referred to as neocortex.
What is encephalization factor? A measure of brain size relative to body size.
What is australopithecine? Of or related to Australopithecus, a primate genus, known only from the fossil record, thought to be an ancestor to humans.
Created by: slytherinangel
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