Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Phys. Science Ch. 3
| Materials can be classified as solids, liquids, or gases based on... | wether their shapes & volumes r definite or variable |
| What is the word that means doesn't change? | definite |
| What is the word that means does change? | variable |
| What r 2 clues to how the particles w/in a material r arranged? | shape & volume |
| What is the word that means the state of matter in which materials have a definite shape & a definite volume? | solid |
| Does a solid have a definite or variable shape & volume? | definite shape; definite volume |
| What do almost all solids have at the atomic level? | an orderly arrangement of particles |
| What is the word that means the state of matter in which a material has a definite volume but not a definite shape? | liquid |
| Does a liquid have a definite or variable shape & volume? | variable shape; definite volume |
| Is the arrangement of particles in a liquid more or less random than in a solid? | more |
| What is the word that means the state of matter in which a material has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume? | gas |
| Does a gas have a definite or variable shape & volume? | variable shape; variable volume |
| What percent of states of matter in the universe r not common on Earth? | 99 |
| At very high temps what state of matter exists? | plasma |
| At very low temps what state of matter exists? | a bose-einstein condensate (BEC) |
| What does BEC behave as? | 1 single particle |
| What is the word that means the energy an object has due to its motion? | kinetic energy |
| The faster an object moves, the greater its___________ is. | kinetic energy |
| What does the Kinetic Theory of Matter say? | all particles of matter r in constant motion |
| How often do particles in a gas stop moving? | never |
| What kind of forces r among the particles in all matter? | forces of attraction |
| What allows a gas to fill a container of any shape or size? | The constant motion of particles in the gas |
| What r the 3 main points of the Kinetic Theory as applied to gases? | particles in a gas r in constant, random motion; the motion of 1 particle is unaffected by the motion of other particles unless the particles collide; forces of attraction among particles in a gas can be ignored under ordinary conditions. |
| What can a liquid do because the particles in a liquid can flow to new locations? | take the shape of its container |
| Why is the volume of a liquid constant? | forces of attraction keep the particles close together |
| What is a good way to think of a liquid? | as a crowded hallway |
| Why do solids have definite volume & shape? | because particles in a solid vibrate around fixed locations |
| What is a good way to think of a solid? | as a movie theater |
| What is used to measure kinetic energy? | a thermometer |
| What is the word that means the result of a force distributed over an area? | pressure |
| What r the 2 ways of writing the SI unit 4 pressure? | pascal or newtons per meters squared |
| What causes the pressure in a closed container of gas? | collisions between particles of a gas & the walls of the container |
| What r the 3 factors that affect the pressure of an enclosed gas? | temp, volume, & # of particles |
| What r 3 things u can do in order to increase the pressure of a gas if the other 2 things that u r not using r constant? | raise the temp, reduce the volume, or increase the # of particles |
| The volume of a gas increases at the same rate as __________ | the temp of the gas |
| The volume of a gas _________ as the temp of the gas. | increases at the same rate |
| What is the word that means a temp of 0k | absolute zero |
| What is law that states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temp in kelvins if the pressure & the # of particles of the gas r constant? | Charles's Law |
| What is the equation for Charles's Law? | V1 V2 -- = -- T1 T2 |
| What kind of a proportion is Charles's Law? | direct |
| If u draw Charles's Law in a graph, what does it look like? | a straight line |
| What is the law that states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure if the temp & the # of particles r constant? | Boyle's Law |
| What is included in Charles's Law? | volume & temp |
| What is included in Boyle's Law? | volume & pressure |
| What is the equation for Boyle's Law? | P1V1=P2V2 |
| What kind of a proportion is Boyle's Law? | indirect |
| What is the law that describes the relationship among the temp, volume, & pressure of a gas when the # of particles is constant? | The Combined Gas Law |
| What is the equation for The Combined Gas Law? | P1V1 P2V2 ---- = ---- T1 T2 |
| What does the graph of Boyle's Law show? | a curve line |
| What is the word that means the reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes from 1 state of matter to another? | phase change |
| Is a phase change reversible? | yes |
| What r 6 common phase changes? | melting, freezing, vaporization, condensation, sublimation, & deposition. |
| What is 1 of the only substances that occurs naturally on Earth in all 3 states of matter? | water |
| What happens to the temp of a substance during a phase change? | it does not change |
| What is condensation? | gas changing to liquid |
| What is vaporization? | liquid changing to gas |
| What is sublimation? | solid changing to gas |
| What is deposition? | gas changing to solid |
| What is melting? | solid changing to liquid |
| What is freezing? | liquid changing to solid |
| Energy is either ______ or ________ during a phase change? | absorbed or released |
| What is the word that means the energy of a substance must absorb in order to change from a solid to a liquid | heat of fusion |
| What is the word that means the system absorbs energy from its surroundings? | endothermic change |
| What is the word that means a chemical reaction that releases energy to its surroundings? | exothermic change |
| When does the arrangement of molecules in water become less orderly? | when water melts |
| When does the arrangement of molecules in water become more orderly | when water freezes |
| What kind of change is melting? | endothermic |
| What kind of change is freezing? | exothermic |
| What is the phase change in which a substance changes from liquid to gas? | vaporization |
| What kind of change is vaporization? | endothermic |
| What is the energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a liquid to a gas? | heat of vaporization |
| Where does evaporation occur? | the surface of a liquid |
| When does evaporation occur? | when temps r below the boiling point |
| What is the process that changes a substance from a liquid to a gas at temps below the substance's boiling point? | evaporation |
| What is the word that means the pressure caused by the collisions of particles in a vapor w/ the walls of a container? | vapor pressure |
| What is the word that means when the vapor pressure becomes equal to atmospheric pressure? | boiling |
| What does the boiling point of a substance depend on? | the atmospheric pressur |
| What is the phase change in which a substance changes from a gas or vapor to a liquid? | condensation |
| What kind of change is condensation? | exothermic |
| What is the phase change in which a substance changes from a solid to a gas or vapor w/out changing to a liquid first? | sublimation |
| What kind of change is sublimation? | endothermic |
| What is the phase change in which gas or vapor changes directly into a solid w/out first changing to a liquid? | deposition |
| What kind of change is deposition? | exothermic |
Created by:
Tittertotbob
Popular Physical Science sets