Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Gen Physcology
ciccarelli chapter 4 & 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is consciousness? | awareness of everything that is going on around you and inside your own head at any given moment |
| altered state of consciousness | occurs when there is a shift in the quality or pattern of your mental activity |
| circadian rhythm | The sleep-wake cycle, Takes a day to complete |
| What is melatonin? | a hormone secreted by the pineal gland hoping to better sleep and slow aging. |
| Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) | sensitive to changes in light. As daylight fade the scn tells the pineal gland to secrete the hormone melatonin |
| The price of not sleeping | Microsleeps, or beliefs sidesteps into sleep lasting only seconds |
| What will missing out on one nights sleep do to a person ? | result in concentration problems and inability to do simple task example:loading a CD into a player |
| Sleep Deprivation | Loss of sleep due to staying up too late at night during the week |
| adaptive theory | animals and humans evolved different sleep patterns o avoid predators normal hunting times which is normally at night. |
| restorative theory | states that sleep is necessary to the physical health of the body. During sleep, chemicals that were used up during the days ativities are replenished and celluar damage is repaired |
| when our mental activity undergoes a change in quality or pattern, this is called an ____ | altered state of consciousness |
| the sleep wake cycle is an______ rhythm, normally occurring very 24 hours. | circadian |
| The suprachiasmatic nucleus instructs the ____ gland to release _____ | Pineal , Melatonin |
| What does not have a role in determining when we sleep? | Digestion |
| Which theory of why e sleep explains why we sleep when we do? | adaptive theory |
| Rapid eye movement (REM) | active type of sleep where most of persons dreaming takes place. In REM sleep the voluntary muscles are inhibited ], meaning that the person moves very little. |
| NON REM (NREM) | non REM the body is free to move around |
| Hypnagogic images | are bits and pieces of what may eventually become dreams but are most often seen as flashes of light. |
| NREM Stage One (light sleep) | as theta wave activity increases and alpha wave activity fades away, people are said to be entering stage one. If awakened at this point they will probably not believe tht they were actually asleep. they also experience hypnagogic images. |
| Hypnic jerk | drifiting off and occasionally your whole body has a big jerk. |
| NREM Stage Two (sleep spindles) | as people drift into sleep the body temp continues to drop, heart rate slows,breathing becomes more shallow and irregular , and eeg will show the first sign of sleep spindles. If awakened during this stage they will be aware of having been asleep. |
| dissociation | a splitting of conscious awareness, whereas the other involves a kind of social role-playing. |
| social-cognitive theories | assumes that people who are hypnotized are not in an altered state but are merely playing the role expected of them in the situation. |
| what a hypnoitist can and cannot do | hypnotist can only be a guide into a more relaxed state. hypnotist can not control patients |
| psychoactive drugs | drugs that alter thinking, perception, memory, or some combination of those abilities. |
| psychological dependence | the belief that the drug is needed to continue a feeling of emotional or psychological well being, which is a very powerful factor in continues drug use |
| know the following drugs, give examples, what they do, and dangers/side effects stimulants, depressants, narcotics, hallucinogens | 1 |
| which drugs causes the largest single preventable cause of premature death | Cocaine |
| drug interactions. tolerance and withdrawal | Drug interactions- withdrawl- deprived of drugs |
| what is learning | learning is any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice |
| pavlov and classical conditioning | learning to make a reflex response to a stimulus other than the original, natural stimulus that normally produces it. |
| stimulus | any object, event, or experience that causes a response |
| unconditioned stimulus | the original, naturally occurring stimulus mentioned in the preceding paragraph. |
| conditioned stimulus | stimulus that becomes able to produce a learned reflex response by being paired with the original unconditioned stimulus |
| unconditioned response | The reflex response to the unconditional stimulus |
| response | |
| conditionedd response | learned response that has become classically conditioned to occur to learned stimulus |
| neutral stimulus | 1 |
| 4 basic principles of classical conditioning | 1 |
| generalization | 1 |
| discrimination | treating people differently because prejudice toward the social group to which they belong |
| exinction | the disappearance or weakening of a leaned response following the removal or absence of the unconditioned stimulus( in classical conditioning) or the removal of a reinforcer(in operant conditioning) |
| spontaneous recovery | the reappearance of a learned response after extinction has occured |
| conditioned emotional response | emotional response that has become classically conditioned to occur to learned stimuli, such as a fear of dogs or the emotional reaction that occurs when seeing an attractive person |
| vicarious learning | |
| conditioned taste aversion | 1 |
| stimulus substitution | 1 |
| cognitive persective | 1 |
| reflexive behavior | 1 |
| operant conditioning | learning of voluntary behavior through the effects of pleasant and unpleasant consequences to responses. |
| operant behavior | any behavior that is voluntary |
| law of effect | law stating that if an action is followed by a pleasurable consequence, it will tend to be repeated, and if followed by an unpleasant consequence, it will not tend to be repeated |
| reinforcement positive and negative | positive-reinforcement of a response by the addition or experiencing of a pleasurable stimulus negative-reinforcement of a response by the removal, escape from, or a pleasurable stimulus |
| primarry and secondary reinforcements | 1 |
| compae and contrast operant and classical conditioning | 1 |
| punishment | any event or object that , when following a response less likely to happen again |
| punishment by appliation and removal | punishment of a response by addition or experiencing of an unpleasant stimulus |
| 3 steps to be effective | 1 |
| shaping | 1 |
| partial and continous reinforcment | 1 |
| interval | 1 |
| ratio schedules | 1 |
| fixed and variable | 1 |
| modeling behavior | |
| physical dependence | after using a drug for a period of time, the body is said to be dependent or addicted. |
Created by:
1373379838
Popular Psychology sets