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chapter 11 &12 CMpd1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Atom | All things around us are made of atoms |
| Parts of an Atom | Nucleus (Protons & Neutrons) |
| Protons | Positive charge |
| Neutrons | No charge |
| Charges are attracted to opposites (-to+ vice versa) | |
| Electrons | Negatively Charged |
| Mass of electron is smaller than proton or neutron. | |
| Electron Cloud | area that electrons move. |
| Same amount of protons as electrons. | |
| All 3 particles make up an atom | |
| Number of protons in atom determines what kind of atom it is | |
| Element | substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances chemically |
| Pure Substance | matter that has same chemical composition throughout and cannot be physically separated |
| About 90 of the almost 100 elements are found in nature | |
| The atom is smallest unit of an element that has characteristics of that element | |
| Molecule | group of 2 or more atoms held together by very strong chemical bonds. |
| Molecule can be made up of more than one atom of the same element | |
| Compounds | pure substances made up of 2 or more different elements that are chemically joined. |
| Elements, molecules and compounds are identified and represented by chemical formulas | |
| Periodic table of elements | presents and organizes information about all the elements |
| Atomic number | number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| Atomic mass | weight of an atom n atomic mass units |
| Model | any way to show an object or idea |
| Period | each horizontal row in the periodic table, numbered from 1-7. |
| Groups | vertical column in the periodic table of elements |
| Metals | located to the left of the dark stair step like line starting in group 13. |
| Nonmetals | all elements that are not metals. Group 17 and 18 and some from groups 14, 15, 16. |
| Metalloids | substances that have some characteristics of both metals and nonmetals |
| Chemical property | characteristic that determines how a substance will interact with other substances during a chemical reaction. |
| Reactivity | describes how likely an element is to react and form bonds with other elements. |
| Ion | an atom that has a positive or negative charge. form when atoms gain or lose electrons |
| Inert | Unable to react Chemically |
| Alkali metals | metals soft enough to be cut with a knife. |
| Alkaline earth metals | not as reactive as alkali metals because it is more difficult for atoms to give away only one when joining with other atoms. |
| Transition Metals | metals in the groups of 3-12 and do not have individual names, less reactive than alkaline earth metals. |
| Boron Group | one metalloid and four metals, 3 electrons in outer level, reactive, solid at room temperature. |
| Carbon Group | one nonmetal, two metalloids, and two metals, 4 electrons in outer level, reactivity varies among elements, solid at room temperature. |
| Nitrogen Group | two nonmetals, two metalloids, and one metal, 5 electrons in outer level, reactivity varies among elements, all but nitrogen solid at room temperature. |
| Oxygen Group | Three nonmetals, one metalloid and one metal, 6 electrons in outer level, reactive, all but oxygen are solid at room temperature. |
| Halogens | 7 electrons in outer level, nonmetals, very reactive, poor conductors of electrical current react violently with alkali metals to form salts never found uncombined in nature. |
| Noble Gases | Nonmetals, unreactive, 8 electrons in outer level. |
| Hydrogen | 1 electron in outer level, colorless, odorless gas at room temperature, reactive. |
Created by:
PhySciLewis1
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