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Psych. 101

Vocab- important ideas

QuestionAnswer
Aristotle naturalist/philosopher,soul and body are not separate, knowledge grows from experience.
Wundt “atoms of the mind”, Leipzig, Germany, in 1879 birth of psychology
William James American philosopher, 1890 psychology textbook
Wundt “atoms of the mind”, Leipzig, Germany, in 1879 birth of psychology
William James American philosopher, 1890 psychology textbook
Mary Calkins , James’s student, became the APA’s first female president
Sigmund Freud Austrian physician unconscious mind and its effects on human behavior
Skinner and Watson the study of overt behavior as the subject matter of scientific psychology.
Maslow and Rogers environmental influences need for love and acceptance
psychology today the scientific study of behavior (what we do) and mental processes (inner thoughts and feelings
The American Psychological Association largest organization of psychology
Psychology’s Three Main Levels of Analysis biological influences, Social-cultural influences, psychological influences
Biological Explore the links between brain and mind.
Developmental Study changing abilities from womb to tomb.
Cognitive Study how we perceive, think, and solve problems.
Personality Investigate our persistent traits.
Social Explore how we view and affect one another.
Clinical Studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders
Counseling Helps people cope with academic, vocational, and marital challenges.
Educational Studies and helps individuals in school and educational settings
Industrial/Organizational Studies and advises on behavior in the workplace.
clinical psychologist (Ph.D.) studies, assesses, and treats troubled people with psychotherapy.
Psychiatrists(M.D.) medical professionals who use treatments like drugs and psychotherapy to treat psychologically diseased patients.
Hindsight Bias “I-knew-it-all-along”
The scientific attitude is composed of curiosity,skepticism,humility
Critical thinking examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence and assesses conclusions
scientific method Theory, Hypothesis, Observation
theory is an explanation that integrates principles and organizes and predicts behavior or events.
hypothesis a testable prediction, often prompted by a theory, to enable us to accept, reject or revise the theory
Research require us to administer tests of self-esteem and depression. Individuals who score low on a self-esteem test and high on a depression test would confirm our hypothesis.
Case Study A technique in which one person is studied in depth to reveal underlying behavioral principles
Survey A technique for ascertaining the self-reported attitudes, opinions or behaviors of people usually done by questioning a representative, random sample of people
Naturalistic Observation Observing and recording the behavior of animals in the wild and recording self-seating patterns in a multiracial school lunch room constitute naturalistic observation
Correlation When one trait or behavior accompanies another, we say the two correlate.
Illusory Correlation The perception of a relationship where no relationship actually exists. Parents conceive children after adoption
Double-blind Procedure placebo affect tests
Random Assignment Assigning participants to experimental (breast-fed) and control (formula-fed) conditions by random assignment minimizes pre-existing differences between the two groups
independent variable a factor manipulated by the experimenter. The effect of the independent variable is the focus of the study.
dependent variable a factor that may change in response to an independent variable. In psychology, it is usually a behavior or a mental process.
SQ3R Survey, Question, Read, Rehearse, and Review
Created by: swansor
Popular Psychology sets

 

 



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