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Gast Section III
Therapeutics III
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Natural Sources: citrus fruits, tomatoes, potatoes and green leafy foods | Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) |
| Natural Sources: Meats, milk, salt water fish | Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) |
| Natural Sources: yeast, lean meats, eggs, and whole grain cerals | Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) |
| Natural Sources: Green leafy vegetables, liver and GI flora | Vitamin K (Aqua-mephyton Phytonadione) |
| Natural Sources: Vegetable oils, wheat germ, fresh nuts, green leafy vegetables | Vitamin E (Aquasol-E Tocopherol) |
| Natural Sources: Liver, kidney, and milk | Vitamin A (retinol, beta carotene) |
| An organic compound that is necessary in the diet of mammals for the maintenance of normal growth, metabolism and reproduction | Vitamin |
| An inorganic compound that is necessary in the diet of mammals for the maintenance of normal growth, metabolism and reporduction | Mineral |
| Recommedned Dietary Allowances-prepared by the National Academy of Sciences - Food and Nutrition Board | RDA |
| United States Recommended Daily Allowances-values derived from the RDA by the Food and Drug Administration as standards for nutritional labeling | USDA |
| Chemicals contained in food that inactivate free radicals | Antioxidants |
| Chemicals/substances that can damage cells and even the DNA that tell the cells how to behave | Free Radicals |
| Salicylate derivatives that decrease inflammation in the GI tract Used as maintenacnce therapy in patients with mild to moderate colitis and ileocolitis | Sulfasalazine and Mesalamine |
| Inflammation of the liver | Hepatitis |
| Used for the dissolution of radiolucent gallstones by suppressing hepatic synthesis and cholesterol secretion | Urosodiol (Actigall) |
| Inflammation of the mucous lining of the mouth-often caused by chemotherapy | Stomatitis |
| Inflammation of the gums caused by acteria or periodontal disease | Gingivitis |
| Considered a hyperosmotic laxative that produces a bowel movement by combining an osmotic effect with the local irritant effect of sodium stearate | Glycerin |
| Used for cathartic bowel evacuant prior to medical procedures | Magnesium Citrate |
| Composed of sodium or magnesium salts Uses cathartic | Saline Laxatives |
| Osmotic Cathartics | Saline Laxatives Magnesium Citrate Glycerin |
| Works by lubricating the surface of the stool Use: Cathartic-fecal impaction | Mineral oil |
| Use: Cathartic-Useful to prevent constipation in patients on medications such as opioids or antichloinergics | Docusate Sodium (Colace) & Docusate Calcium (Surfak) |
| An agent that causes bowel evacuation | Cathartic (laxative) |
| An inability to have a normal bowel evacuation without the stimulatory effect of a cathartic | Cathartic habit |
| A controlled substance that is combined with atropine to decrease the potential for abuse | Diphenoxylate 2.5mg with Atropine 25mg (Lomotil) |
| Related to the opioids however it is not habit forming Use-antidiarrheal | Loperamide (Imodium) |
| And Antiemetic Anticholinergic that you can use as a patch | Scopolamine (Transderm-Scop) |
| Antiemetic Antihistamines | Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) Meclizine (Antivert) |
| Side effects: EPS including tardive dyskinesias and acute dystonic reactions | Metoclopramide (Reglan) |
| Agents which prevent or alleviate nausea or vomiting | Antiemetics |
| Antiemetics | Prochloroperazine (Compazine) Promethazine (Phenergan) Metoclopramide (Reglan) |
| Drug class that are used for GERD, PUD, H. pylori infection | Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) |
| Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) | Pantoprazole (Protonix) Omeprazole (Prilosec) Lansoprazole (Prevacid) Esomeprazole (Nexium) Rabeprazole (Aciphex) |
| Omeprazole | Prilosec |
| Pantoprazole | Protonix |
| Rabeprazole | Aciphex |
| Lansoprazole | Prevacid |
| Esomeprazole | Nexium |
| Drug class used for GERD, PUD | H2 receptor antagonists |
| H2 receptor antagonists | Famotideine (Pepcid) Ranitidine (Zantac) Nizatidine (Axid) Cimetidine (Tagamet) |
| Cimetidine | Tagamet |
| GI Protectants | Sucralfate (Carafate) Misoprostol (Cytotec) |
| Sucralfate | Carafate |
| Misoprostol | Cytotec |
| Drug used for malabsorption syndrome caused by pancreatic insufficiency | Pancrelipase (Pancrease, Creon, Ultrase) |
| Used for Antiflatulent | Simethicone(Mylicon) |
| Used for antacid-cathartic (osmotic) Avoid magnesium containing products if in renal failure | Magnesium Hydroxide or Magnesium Oxide (Mild of Magnesia, MOM) |
| Used for antacid May also be used as a source of dietary calcium | Calcium Carbonate (Florical) TUMs |
| Inflammation of the pancreas which can lead to excess production of pancreatic enzymes that digest pancreatic cells | Pancreatitis |
| Yellow discoloration of the sclera of the ye and skin, darkened urine, light-colored stools, anorexia, malaise, and fatigue | Jaundice |
| Inflammation of the liver | Hepatitis |
| The passage of fluid or unformed stools caused by a vary from viral to bacterial infections, food poisoning, some antibiotics or intestinal disorders | Diarrhea |
| Impaired absorption of nutrients from the small intestine | Malabsorption |
| A craterlike lesion of the muscosal lining of the stomach or duodenum | Peptic Ulcer |
| Chronic condition in which stomach acid moves back into the esophagus from the stomach. As the condition worsens or is not treated, erosions of the esophagus may occur | Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease |
| Small pear-shaped sac that is about four inches in length, and one inch in breadth at its widest part and appears dark green because of its contents | Gall Bladder |
| Part of the small intestine that secretes enzymes | Duodenum |
| A large, J-shaped bag with strong muscles | Stomach |
| Has a lid-like structure that covers the larynx when food is swallowed | Epiglottis |
| The cornified epithelium or horny layer of skin | Epidermis |
| Constitutes for over 90% of the epidermal cells present | Keratinocytes |
| Pigment producing cells in the base layer of the epidermis | Melanocytes |
| These are macrophages (large cells that engulf bacteria) | Langerhan's Cells |
| Serve as antigen presenting cells | Granstein Cells |
| Is made up of living cells with sebaceous glands, sebum secreted. | Dermis |
| Is a loose, fat-containing layer of connective tissue | Hypodermis/Subcutaneous |
| Produced in the skin when exposed to sunlight | Vitamin Synthesis |
| Deep, broad, swollen, erythematous (red), and painful follicular masses | Carbuncles |
| Superficial bacterial skin infection seen most commonly in BABIES AND CHILDREN. | Impetigo |
| A penetrating injury to the skin or deeper tissues that often becomes infected-also know as bedsores or pressure sores | Decubitis Ulcers |
| Domeboro, Burow's Solution | Aluminum Acetate |
| Domeboro's drug class | Astringents |
| Lindane | Kwell |
| Kwell's drug class | Antiparasitics |
| What is the 3 drug's for scabies and the drug class name? | Antiparasitics Lindane - Kwell Permethrin - Nix 1%, Elimite 5%, RID Crotamiton - Eurax |
| Permethrin | Nix 1%, Elimite 5%, RID |
| Crotamiton | Eurax |
| Sebulex Shampoo | 2% salicylic and 2% sulfur |
| What are considered the most common keratolytics? | Sulfur and salicylic acid |
| Hydrocortisone/Hydrocortisone Acetate | Cortaid Cortizone |
| Desonide | DesOwen |
| Hydrocortison Valerate | Westcort |
| Betamethasone Valerate | Diprolene Luxiq |
| Kenalog | Triamcinolone Acetonide |
| Temovate Olux Clobex | Clobetasol |
| Mometasone | Elocon |
| All topical anti-infectives are for: | external use only |
| Mupirocin | Bactroban |
| What drug is used for the eradication of nasal colonization with MRSA in adults? | Mupriocin - Bactroban |
| Metronidazole | Metrogel |
| Drug class for Mupirocin/Bactroban and Metronidazole/Metrogel | Topical Anti-infectives |
| What drug is used for Rosacea? | Metronidazole - Metrogel |
| Podofilox | Condylox |
| Imiquimod | Aldara |
| Capsaicin | Capzasin Zostrix |
| What two drugs treat external genital warts? | Podofilox - Condylox Imiquimod - Aldara |
| What drug treats pain from shingles | Capsaicin - Capzasin, Zostrix |
| The oral treatment for acne | Isotretinoin - Accutane, Amnesteem, Claravis |
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lacythecoolest
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