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Gastrointestinal 68Q
A & P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The threee pairs of Salivary Glands are: | Parotid Submandibular Sublingual |
| What Canal is also known as the Digestive Tract and begins at the mouth and end at the rectum? | Alimentary Canal |
| This has a lid-like structure that covers the larynx when food is swallowed | Epiglottis |
| Lining that contains the gastric glands that secrete mucus providing the stomach wall protection | Mucous cells |
| Large cells on the margin of the gastric glands that secrete both hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor | Parietal Cells |
| Cells in the gastric glands that secrete pepsinogen. | Chief cells |
| The major protein-digesting enzyme responsible forbreaking proteins down into polypeptides | Pepsin |
| Cells in the gastric glands that secrete gastrin and regulate secretion and motility | Endocrine cells |
| Parts of the Small Intestine | Duodenum Jejunum Ileum Villi Mesentery |
| Parts of the Large Intestine | Cecum Appendix Colon Rectum Anus |
| First portion of the small intestine secretes enzymes to continue the breakdown of proteins and sugars | Duodenum |
| 2nd portion of small intestine Absorbs nutrients | Jejunum |
| 3rd portion of small intestine Absorbs nutrients | Ileum |
| Hair-like projections protruding into the lumen of the small intestine Transports fluids and nutrients further down the intestines | Villi |
| 3rd connective tissue that resembles saran wrap in appearance Attaches the samll intestine to the posterior abdominal wall | Mesentery |
| first part of the large intestine receives waste material from the small intestine | Cecum |
| short wormlike projection | appendix |
| Upward portion of the large intestine | Ascending |
| Portion of the large intestine going across from right to left | Transverse |
| Portion of the large intestine going down to the sigmoid colon | Descending |
| Portion going from the descending colon to the rectum | Sigmoid colon |
| Terminal part of the large intestine Controls the defecation reflex | Rectum |
| Outlet of the rectum lying in the folds of the buttocks, containing the internal and external sphincters Controls the exit of fecal matter | Anus |
| Largest organ of the body with 4 lobes | Liver |
| Convert glucose to its stored form, glycogen | Glycogen storage |
| Production of blood cellular components in a developing embryo. When bone marrow develops, it eventually assumes the task of forming most of the blood cells for the entire body. | Hematopoiesis |
| Removes old RBCs and WBCs from the bloodstream | Removal of worn Out Blood Cells |
| Metabolizes Drugs into their active state where they can interact with bodily functions such as attach to cellular receptors | Pharmacologic |
| Produces enzymes that filter poisons, germs, and drugs, making them harmless | Detoxification |
| Stores vitamins A, B12, D, E, and K, as well as minerals such as iron and copper | Vitamin storage |
| Synthesizes plasma proteins necessary for blood clotting, such as prothrombin and fibrinogen | Blood coagulation |
| Manufactures albumin, the major osmolar component of blood serum and alpha and beta globulins | Plasma Protein Synthesis |
| Bile salts emulsitfy fats. The end products of fat digestion, fatty acids, are used to synthesize cholesterol and other substances needed by the ody. | Fat digestion |
| Non-essential amino acids are synthesized from other animo acids in a process called transamination | Amino Acid synthesis |
| Located under the right lobe of the liver Stores and concentrates the bilethe bile that is made in the liver until it is needed in the digestive process | Gall Bladder |
| A yellow, brownish, or olive-green liquid. Emulsifies fat into microscopic globules and dilutes and neutralizes stomach acid in the small intestine | Bile |
| Bile pigment which comes from worn out red blood cells and is eventually broken down in the intestines | Bilirubin |
| Located across the back of the abdomen, behind the stomach Secretes enzymes that are vital for the breakdown of all food types and secretes hormones that regulate blood glucose levels | Pancreas |
| A clear colorless liquid containing water, salts, bicarbonate ions, and enzymes which are released via a duct into the duodenum | Pancreatic Juice |
| Enzymes | Amylase digests carbohydrates Trypsin digests proteins Lipase digests fats |
| Scattered throughout the pancreas and are responsible for endocrine functions | Islets of Langerhans |
| Responsible for secretion of glucagon to breakdown glycogen into glucose | Alpha Cells |
| Responsible for production of insulin which moves glucose into the cells | Beta cells |
Created by:
lacythecoolest
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