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Psych Ch. 3 UMW
chapter 3 question answers
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Genes | basic units of heredity, made up of ATCG |
Chromosomes | rod-shaped structures found in the center of every cell of body |
DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid, transfers genetic characteristics by way of coded instructions |
Unlock human genome | researchers have identified the sequence of DNA units, but don’t know what each gene means |
Heritability | proportion of total variance in a trait that is due to genetic variation within a group |
Nature | encoded in genes |
Nurture | due to environment |
Example of combined nature & nurture | 5-HTT, people with 2 shorts are more at risk for depression, but interacts with traumatic events |
Example of combined nature & nurture | MAO(A), if you have this gene boys are more at risk for anti-social behavior, if they have abused childhood |
Concordance rate | percentage that other twin has trait |
Heritability formula | (MZc – DZc)x 2 |
3 heritability rules | 1. Do not apply to individuals only groups, 2. Only particular groups in same env’t, 3. Even things highly heritable can be changed |
Critical period | born with ability to learn language, but after a certain point can’t develop them |
Innate capacity | that naturally takes in language without being talked to, said by Noam Chomsky |
5 things proving language learning | 1. Children of different cultures learn language the same way, 2. Children say things their parents don’t, 3. Adults don’t correct people’s syntax, 4. Profoundly retarded children learn language, 5. Infants understand sentence structure |
Sociobiology | our personalities come from the fact that we’ve evolved |
Proband | person serving as starting point for a genetic study of a family |
Original language theory | people thought children learned language from imitating adults |
Universal sense of grammar | brains are sensitive to core features of languages (nouns &verbs) |
Criticism to sociobiology | actual behavior, what people say vs. what they do, convenience vs. representative samples |