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PSYC160 CHAPTER 001

Introduction to Personality Psychology

QuestionAnswer
trait-descriptive adjectives adjectives used to describe characteristics of people. 20k English words
personality set of psychological traits/mechanisms within individual, organized/relatively enduring, influence interactions with/adaptations to intrapsychic/physical/social environments
psychological traits describe ways in which people are different/similar from each other. psychologically meaningful/stable and consistent aspects of personality
average tendencies tendency to display certain psychological traits with regularity.
psychological mechanisms like traits, but refer more to processes of personality. e.g. information-processing activity with input, deicsion rule, and output
within the individual carries with himself/herself over time and from one situation to the next, somewhat stable/consistent
organized and enduring organized: mechanisms and traits are linked to one another in coherent fashion, contain decision rules that govern which needs are activated depending on circumstances enduring: generally consistent, particularly adulthood, and stable across situations
influential forces
person-environment interaction include perceptions (how we interpret), selections (choose situations to enter, friends, classes, etc), evocations (reactions we produce in others), and manipulations (intentionally attempt to influence others)
adaptation accomplishing goals, coping, adjusting, and dealing with the challenges and problems we face through life
environment
human nature
individual differences
differences between groups
nomothetic
idiographic
domain of knowledge
dispositional domain
biological domain
intrapsychic domain
cognitive-experiential domain
social and cultural domain
adjustment domain
good theory
theories and beliefs
Scientific Standards for Evaluating Personality Theories (SSEPT)
Comprehensiveness
Heuristic Value
Testability
Parsimony
Compatibility and Integration across Domains and Levels
Created by: jjangstar
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