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Pre-AP Phy. Sci.
Mrs. Handford
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the states of matter? Which has definite shapes? Which has definite volume? | Solid; liquid;gas; and plasma. Shape=Solid. Volume=Liquid |
| What is the most common state of matter in the universe, and where can we find it? | Plasma. You can find it in lighting, fire, and aurora borealis. |
| What are the main points of the kinetic theory of matter? | Helps you cisualize the differences among the 3 common states of matter-soild, liquid, gas. |
| How can the kinetic theory be used to describe the phases of matter (solid, liquid, and gas)? | Solid- Close together, barely any movement. Liquid-Together, but not as close, some movement Gas- Loose, not close together. Alot of movement. |
| How does the kinetic theroy relate to thermal expansons? | Thermal expansion is charastic's of almost all mater, causes it to expand when heated and contract when cooled. |
| Compare and contrast exothermic and endothermic reactions. | Exothermic is when energy exits something. Endothermic is when energy enters something. Both have to do when energy doing something. |
| What role does energy play when substances change state? | The higher the energy, the more likely endothermic will happen. The lower the energy, the more likely exdothermic will happen. |
| How does thermal energy relate to the kinetic theory of matter? | Thermal energy is total kinetic energy of a substance. They both explain how energy moves. |
| Which of the follow has more thermal energy and why? *A single ice cube *A large ice sculpute *A lit match *A cup of hot coffee | A large ice sculpure because it has more particels which it means it's more thermal. |
| Which of the following has greater temp. and why? *A single ice cube *A large ice sculpure *A lit match *A cup of hot coffee | A lit match because it has a higher temp. |
| HOw does temp. relate to kinetic energy? Does it matter how much substance you have? | Temp. is the measure of overage of kintic energy. It doesnt matter how much substance you have. |
| What is heat? | Energy transferred between objects that have different temps. |
| WHen you touch something and your hand feels cold, what is happening? | YOu are looseing thermal energy and it moves towards the object in gas form. |
| What states of matter can be considered fulids? What are their properties? | Gases and liquid. Both have no definite shape. |
| What is viscosity? | State of being thick, sticky, and semi-fulid in consistency, due to internal friction. |
| Who was Archimedes an when did he live? | He was a Greek mathematician in the 3rd centry BC. He discovered a method for determining buoyant force. |
| What does Archimedes principle state, and how can it be used to explain how boats float? | It states that the ecuoyant force on a object in a fluid is an upward force equal to the weight of the volume of the fulid that the object displaces. |
| Who was Pascal and when did he live? | Pascal was a philosopher in the 17th centry. |
| What does Pascal's principle sate, and how can it be used to explain hydraulics? | Pascal prinicple states that a change in pressure at any point in an enclosedfluid will be transmmitted equally to all parts of the fluid. Hydraulics are based on cannot be squeezed or compressed into a smaller space. |
| Who was Bernoulli and when did he live? | Bernoulli was a Swiss Mathematician in the 18th centry. |
| What does Bernoulli's principle state, and how can it be used to explian how airplanes fly? | Bernoulli's priniciple- as the spped of a moving fluid or object increasses, the pressure of hte moving fluid decrease. It shows how airplanes fly by showing that pressure under something will lift it up. |
| Describe some properties of gases as you can. | Easy to compress. Expand to fill their containers, occupy far more space than liquids ot solids. |
| Who is Boyle, and when did he live? | Boyle lived in the 16th centry. |
| What does Boyle's law state? | For a fixed amount of gas at a constent temp. the voulme of the increases as the pressure decrases and the colume of the gas decreases as the pressure increases. |
| Who was Charles and when did he live? | Charles lived in the late 18th centry and early 19th centry. |
| What does Charles law state? | For a fixed amount of gas at a constent pressure, as the temp. increases as the volume incresases, and the volume of the gas decreases as the temp decreases. |
| Who was Gay-Lussac and when did he live? | Gay-Lussac lived in the late 18th centry, early 19th centry. |
| What does Gay-Lussac's law state? | THe pressure of a gas at a constant volume is directly porportiona; to the absolute temp. |
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horserider101
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