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1st section
Therapeutics III
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| *w/glucosamine to treat osteoarthritis | Chondroitin |
| *Treats <3 *prevents muscle soreness *may reduce warfarin effects | Coenzyme Q10 |
| *works against meds that depress the immune system *treats colds | Echinacea |
| *treats high cholesterol & triglycerides *helps with coronary artery disease | Fish/Oil |
| *treats hypertension & high cholesterol *may decrease effectiveness of isoniazid (tb drug) *may decrease effectiveness of contraceptives | Garlic |
| *resist stress *stop the aging *protects from tissue injury *increases energy *increase or decrease warfarin effects | Ginseng |
| *antidepressant *Clopidogrel gets converted to its more active form, can cause bleeding | St. John's Wort |
| Two general categories of poisoning cases | Intentional Accidental |
| 3 types of intentional poisoning | Suicide/attempted suicide Child abuse Homicide/attemped homicide |
| 3 types of Accidental Poisoning | Drug intoxication Naivete Errors |
| 4 ways poison can enter into the body | Inhalation Injection Topical Application Ingestion |
| Oral Contraceptives Inhalation aerosols Questran and colestipol sublingual prednisone | Exceptions to Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 |
| 3 minimizing agents | Ipecac Activated Charcoal Cathartics |
| *used to help hepatotoxicity *Mucomyst is an example | Acetylcysteine |
| *serum to treat venomous bites or stings *Crotalidae | Antivenom |
| *anitcholinesterase inhibitor, cholinergic, and organophosphate poisonings *insecticide or nerve gas poisonings *Atropine Sulfate Injection | Atropine |
| *The name "BAL" for British anti-lewisite | Dimercaprol |
| *treats benzodiazeine *romazicon | Flumazenil |
| *antiseptic and oxidation or reduction properties *treats methemoglbinemia *used for surgical marking and fistula location | Methylene Blue |
| Caused by abnormal cell growth that may be stimulated by various factors. | Cancer |
| Causes of Cancer | Radiation Sunlight Viruses Substances Smoking |
| Cancers that originate in the bone marrow, lymphatic system, and other cells dealing with blood and immune | HEmatologic Cancers |
| Cencers that originate in solid tissues other than the bone marrow, lymphatic system and cells dealing with the blood and immune process | Non-hematologic cancers |
| A new abnormal tissue growth that grows more rapidly than normal tissue | Neoplasm |
| A type of neoplasm that may be benign or malignant | A Tumor |
| Slow growing and unlikely to spread | Benign |
| Fast growing and likely to spread | Malignant |
| Process by which normal cells are turned into cancer cells | Carcinogenesis |
| Any substance directly involved in the promotion of cancer | Carcinogen |
| Suppressor genes protect the cell from abnormal growth and cancer | Tumor suppressor genes |
| Genes, that once mutated, can promote the formation of cancer | Oncogenes |
| Certain chemicals and viruses that can permanently change DNA, increase the risk for developing cancer | Environmental carcinogens |
| Examples of physical carcinogens | Ionizing radiation and ultraviolet light |
| 5 types of Carcinogens | Environmental Chemical Radiation Biologic *other |
| Agent include viruses | Biologic |
| The other risk factors for developing cancer | gender, diet, and chronic irritation and inflammation, age |
| Tumor cells that originate from epithelial tissues Surface of your body and organs like epithelial tissues are large/small intestines, ovaries, epididymis, and larynx | Carcinoma |
| Tumor cells that originate from connective tissues, such as bone and muscle | Sarcoma |
| Tumor cell tissues that include tonsils, lymph nodes, and spleen | Lymphoma |
| Tumor cells associated with diseases like lung and prostate cancers | Adenocarcinoma |
| Blasts | White Blood Cells |
| A cancer that arises from a part of the immune system called the plasma cell | Multiple Myeloma |
| Anenocarcinoma and forms in the tissues of the prostrate | Prostate Cancer |
| Breast cancer is usually.......... | A carcinoma |
| A therapy that cannot differentiate between healthy and cancerous cells | Chemotherapy |
| A therapy that acts by killing cells both normal and cancerous. | Cytotoxic Therapy |
| A therapy that slows or suppresses the growth of cancer cells | Cytostatic Therapy |
| A therapy that uses hormones to prevent cancer cell growth by "starving" them | Hormonal Therapy |
| A therapy that destroys cancer cells by the use of waves of subatomic particles such as gamma rays or X-rays | Radiation |
| Common side effects of cancer medication regimens: | Nausea Hair Loss Myelosuppression |
| Factors of Chemotherapy | 1. Death of healthy cells 2. Activation of a part of the brain called the chemo trigger zone 3. Sensory affects |
| The term that describes how likely a drug is to cause emesis | Emetogenicity |
| Damage to the heart tissue | Cardiotoxicity |
| Nerve pain, tingling or burning in the hands and feet | Peripheral Neuropathy |
| Inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the mouth and throat | Mucositis |
| Damage to the liver | Hepatotoxicity |
| Damage to the kidneys | Nephrotoxicity |
| Closely related to substances required by the cell, block its metabolism and growth | Antimetabolites |
| Acts as a folic acid antagonist | Methotrexate (Rheumatrex) |
| Methotrexate | Rheumatrex |
| What is Methotrexate (Rheumatrex) used for? | Autoimmune diseases Antineoplastic Therapeutic abortion ectopic pregnancy |
| The antidote for Methotrexate - Rheumatrex | Calcium Leucovorin - oral, IV, IM |
| Which antineoplastic drug is the only one to have an antidote? | Methotrexate - Rheumatrex |
| An example of "rational" drug design used for colon and breast cancer | Fluorouracil - Efudex |
| Which drug causes nausea/vomiting and bone marrow depression? | Chlorambucil - Leukeran |
| Chlorambucil | Leukeran |
| LHRH angonists | GnRH agonists |
| GnRH agonist work by stimulating the release of.........initially then the feedback shuts off further testosterone production to................This causes ............ ..............of the bodies testosterone in treatment of cancer. | LH/FSH Castration levels Complete depletion |
Created by:
lacythecoolest
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