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CHF201C4
CHF201 Chapter 4 Flash Cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Period of the Ovum | First two weeks of development. Conception > Implantation |
| Period of the Embryo | Third through the eighth week > Cell differentiation{Ectoderm(skin), Mesoderm(muscles/skeleton), Endoderm(organs) |
| Period of the Fetus | ninth week until birth |
| Ectoderm | from which comes hair, nails, teeth, outer layer of skin, sensory cells, and nervous system |
| Mesoderm | results in muscles, skeleton, excretory, circulatory, and reproductive systems. |
| Endoderm | develops into gastrointestinal tract, trachia, bronchia, eustachian tubes, glands, lungs, pancreas, liver. |
| Undifferentiation to differentiation | Development from single-celled zygote to estimated 10 trillion at birth and 300-500 trillion by adulthood. Cephalo-caudal-Differentiation occurs from the head down. |
| Proximal-distal | From trunk to outer extremities. For example, arms develop as single appendage--later elbows, then wrist, then hand and fingers. |
| Amniotic sac | fluid-filled cavity that serves as a protective cushion, equalizes pressure, and prevents adherence of the embryo to the uterine wall. |
| Placenta | thickened area on uterine wall wherein blood vessels of mother and developing person are interwoven though separated by membranes to keep blood supplies separated |
| Umbilical cord | three blood vessels (one for food and two for wastes) that connect the placenta and the prenate |
| FIRST TRIMESTER | Neural tube, heart, ear nose mouth, forearms hands legs feet toes. |
| Second Trimester | Eyebrows/toenails/buds for teeth/ brain development, 22nd week age of viability |
| Third Trimester | Rapid growth in weight and size, responding to outside world |
| Teratology | Study of birth defects |
| Teratogens | substances that can cause birth defects |
| Determining risk | Timing/ Exposure / genetic vulnerablity |
| Specific Teratogens | Rubella / AIDS / Gonorrhea Syphilis |
| Drug Teratogens | Thalidomide - nausea treatment |
| Alchohal | FAS (fetal alcohol syndrome) |
| Smoking | heart strain |
| Heroin / Methadone | Addicted babies |
| Cocaine | premature labor |
| First stage of labor | Water breaks / Contractions / civix dilates, 8 hours for first birth, 4-6 for subsequent |
| Transition | Fetus head begins to move out of uterus into birth canal |
| Second stage of labor | Head appears in opening of vagina, lasts less than 1 hour |
| Third stage | Contractions expell placenta |
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spicywafflefries
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