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B and E Exam 2
The Most Unaccountable of Machinery
Question | Answer |
---|---|
drugs that work to enhance GABA's ability to regulate glutamate | anti-anxiety/Valium |
reticular theory | continuous mesh-Golgi |
amines | serotonin, dopamine, epinephrine |
the human brain has __________ neurons | 100 billion |
inhibitory neurons | short/ near cell body |
modulators have a _________ _________ | slower effect/ last longer |
hormones | travel throughout the body |
electrical transmission can occur through | gap junctions/ faster |
Otto Loewi | impulses= chemical transfer |
GABA | regulates glutamate Cl- |
Eysenck | inhibition/excitation= extroversion/introversion |
2 requirements fulfilled by glutamate | 1- NT 2- metabolism (proteins) |
transmission in circuits involved in memory and emotional processes | cortisol |
keeps the amygdale from firing | tonic inhibition/ GABA control |
hindbrain | medulla/pons/cerebellum |
brainstem | medulla/pons/midbrain |
three types of nueromodulators | noradrenaline/dopamine/serotonin |
two types of summation of excitation | temporal/spacial |
axon at rest | not receiving sufficient inputs to alter electrical properties/inside negative with respect to outside |
axon potential initiation | when enough inputs converge at about the same time, an axon potential is generated and propagated down to the terminal |
excitatory connection | activity in A leads to activity in B |
elicited inhibition | activity in A leads to activity in B. A also activates I, which inhibits B. Gates or regulates |
elicited excitation | activity in A leads to activity in B, which further excites B. Excitation of B by A is amplified by E |
glutamate receptor vs. GABA receptor | glutamate on dendritic spine/GABA on dendrite itself (near to cell body) |