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Abnormal Chapter 2
Abnormal psychology chapter 2 vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| examining multiple influences that may cause an abnormal disorder | multidimensional integrative approach |
| long molecules of DNA at various locations on chromosomes within the cell nucleus | genes |
| Individuals inherit tendencies to express certain traits or behaviors, which may then be activated under conditions of stress | diathesis-stress model |
| Condition that makes someone susceptible to developing a disorder | vulnerability |
| A genetically determined tendency to create the environmental risk factors that trigger a genetic vulnerability | reciprocal gene-environment model |
| The study of factors other than inherited DNA sequence, such as new learning or stress, that alter the phenotypic expression of genes | epigenetics |
| How the brain works and central to understanding behavior, emotions, and cognitive processes | neuroscience |
| transmits info throughout the nervous system and controls every thought and action | neuron |
| Space between axon of one neuron and dendrite of another | synaptic cleft |
| chemicals released from the axon | neurotransmitters |
| chemical messengers produced in endocrine system | hormone |
| the paths that neurotransmitters take | brain circuits |
| increases activity of a neurotransmitter by mimicking its effects | agonist |
| decrease or block the activity of a neurotransmitter | antagonist |
| produce effects opposite to those produced by the neurotransmitter | inverse agonist |
| process where neurotransmitter is released and drawn back from the synaptic cleft into the same neuron | reuptake |
| amino acid neurotransmitter that excites many different neurons, leading to action | glutamate |
| neurotransmitter that reduces activity across the synapse and therefore inhibits a range of behaviors and emotions, especially generalized anxiety | GABA |
| neurotransmitter involved in processing of information and coordination of movement, as well as inhibition and restraint. also assists in the regulation of eating, sexual, and aggressive behaviors. | serotonin |
| neurotransmitter active in central and peripheral nervous system, controlling heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration among other functions. may contribute to panic attacks and other anxiety related disorders | norepinephrine |
| neurotransmitter whose function is to activate other neurotransmitters and aid in exploratory and pleasure-seeking behaviors. excess is implicated in schizophrenia, deficit involved in parkinson's disease | dopamine |
| concerned with how we acquire and process info and how we store and retrieve it | cognitive science |
| occurs when animal/person encounters conditions over which they have no control; they give up attempting to cope | learned helplessness |
| learning by observing another person and what happens to them in a given situation | modeling/observational learning |
| learning about certain types of objects/situations over the course of evolution in order to contribute to the survival of the species | prepared learning |
| apparent when someone acts on basis of things that have happened in the past but can't remember the events | implicit memory |
| The alarm reaction that activates during potential life threatening emergencies | flight or fight response |
| a tendency to behave in a certain way elicited by an external event and a feeling state accompanied by a characteristic physiological response | emotion |
| a more persistent period of affect or emotionality | mood |
| refers to the momentary emotional tone that accompanies what we say or do | affect |
| used in developmental psychopathology to indicate that we must consider a number of paths to a given outcome | equifinality |
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planxtysammy
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