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Psychology-BlockC
First Quiz
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Institutional Review Board | A committee at each institution where research is conducted to review every experiment for ethics and methodology. |
confounding variables | Variables that have an unwanted influence on the outcome of an experiment. |
correlational study | A type of research that is mainly statistical in nature. Correlational studies determine the relationship (or correlation) between two variables. |
dependent variable | The measured outcome of a study; the responses of the subjects in a study. |
double-blind study | An experimental procedure in which both researchers and participants are uninformed about the nature of the independent variable being administered. |
empirical investigation | An approach to research that relies on sensory experience and observation as research data. |
expectancy bias | The researcher allowing his or her expectations to affect the outcome of a study; or, in memory, a tendency to distort recalled events to make them fit one's expectations. |
hypothesis | A statement predicting the outcome of a scientific study; a statement describing the relationship among variables in a study. |
independent variable | A stimulus condition so named because the experimenter changes it independently of all the other carefully controlled experimental conditions. |
longitudinal study | A type of study in which one group of subjects is followed and observed (or examined, surveyed etc.) for an extended period of time (years). |
naturalistic observation | A research method in which subjects are observed in third national environment. |
operational definitions | Specific descriptions of concepts involving the conditions of a scientific study. Operational definitions are stated in terms of how the concepts are to be measured or what operations are being employed to produce them. |
random assignment | Each subject of the sample has an equal likelihood of being chosen for the experimental group of an experiment. |
replicate | In research this refers to doing a study over to see whether the same results are obtained. As a control for bias, replication is often done by someone other than the researcher who performed the original study. |
scientific method | A five-step process for empirical investigation of a hypothesis under conditions designed to control biases and subjective judgments |
survey | A quasi-experimental method in which questions are asked to subjects. when designing a survey, the researcher has to be careful that the questions are not skewed or biased toward a particular answer. |
theory | A testable explanation for a set of facts or observations. In science, a theory is not just speculation or a guess. |