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Intro to Clin Psych
foundations of clinical and counceling psych
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Boulder Model | a.k.a the science-practitioner model. Model for clinical psychology developedby the 1949 APA training conference in Boulder, CO. |
| Vail Model | a.k.a. the professional model. the professional model for clinical psychologydeveloped at the 1973 APA training conference held in Vail, CO. |
| license | a way of regulating professional psychology. The state issues a license to professionals who demonstrate the required education and competence. |
| certification | a way of reguating professional psychology. The state certifies that the psychologist has the claimed training. |
| Registration | a way to regulate the practice of psychologyin which psychologists merely register thier practice with the state. |
| National Register of Health Service Providers in Psychology | listing of licensed professional psychologists that can be used by third-party payer to determine fee reimbursement. |
| confidentiality | the ethical obligation of professionls to keep information obtained from a client confidential. |
| American Board of Professional Psychology | ABPP awards special diploma to experienced, qualified professional psychologists. |
| common factors approach | an approach to psychotherapy theory integration involving the investication of what all therapies share. |
| technical eclecticism | in psychotherapy theory integration, an approach that emphasizesthe pragmatic use of techniques from different therapies, although one theoretical outlook may be maintained. |
| theoretical integration | in psychotherapy integration, the attempt to develop an intogrative theory that includes ideas from differing approaches. |
| structuralism | an early school of academic psychology that emphasized the structure of the mind, rather than its contemts or functions. |
| functionalism | early school of acedemic psychology that studied what the mind does rather than the contents of the mind. |
| behaviorism | school of scientific psychology that emphasizes observable behavior over innate or internal variables. |
| demonology | early system of belief in demons, spirits and possession. |
| classical psychoanalysis | Freud's approach to psychoanalysis as opposed to modern theories such as object relations theory and self psychology. |
| hysteria | early psychological disorder charaterized by emotional excitability, excessive anxiety, sensory and motor disturbances, and the simulation of organic disorder. |
| transferance | the process in which the client projects attitudes and emotions that apply to other people in his or her past onto the therapist. |
| free association | in psychoanalysis, the patient is asked to say whatever comes to mind without censorship. |
| norms (in psychological testing) | The distribution of scores of a large number of representative, typical people. |
| reliability | the "trustworthiness" of a psychological test. |
| validity | the appropriateness of the interpretatins of test results. |
| projective test | a pesonality test that involves presenting ambiguous stimuli in order to elicit responses from an individual. |
| objective test | a pencil-and-paper personality test with a structured set of limited answers. |
| standardization group | in the developmet of psychological tests, the group of people on which the test is standardized, the group of people whose scores serve as the norm of the test. |
| Larry P. | important California supreme court rulingin the case of Larry P. v. ilson Riles and the Board of Education. The court ruled that intelligence tests were biased against non-white children. |
| differential diagnosis | the process of distinguishing between similar disorders. |
| functional diagnosis | identifying types and severity of a client's strengths and weaknesses to determine an appropriate treatment strategy, not just assigning a label. |
| DSM | The Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders of the American Psychiatric Association. |
| multiaxial model | basis for the DSM-III and DSM-IV. It takes a diagnosis on five seperate scales or axes, to make a complete diagnosis. |
| mental status examination | formal part of an interview that assesses the client's current mental functioning. |
| apperception | term used in some projective tests, such as the thematic apperception test, referring to th final, clear phase of perception when there is recognition, identification, or comprehension of what has been percieved. |
| nomothetic research methodology | a research methodology that looks at how groups of individuals differ along certain dimensions, in contrast to studying particular individuals. |
| quantitative research | research based on quantification of the variables studied si that th numerical data can be statistically analyzed. |
| qualitative research | research based on description of phenomena on words and concepts rather than numbers. |
| control group | in scientific research, the group of participants who do not receive the treatment under study. |
| placebo | in psychotherapy research, a treatment that is designed to actually be neutral. |
| anorexia | an eating disorder in which the individual eats very little or not at all, to the point tha weight loss can become life-endangering. |
| treatment manuals | for purposes of research and treatment, explicit steps in doing a particular treatment for a particular diagnosis are described in a book or manual. |
| outcome research | research that deals with the outcome of psychotherapy and its relative effectiveness. |
| process research | research that deals with the processes that actually occur in psychotherapy, rather than outcomes. |
| spontaneous recovery rate | the rate at which people appear to spontaneously recover without undergoing psychotherapy. |
| meta-analysis | a statistical procedure that allows results from a variety of studies to be combined so that overall trends can be observed. |
| theraputic alliance | the general quality of ther relationship between therapistand client. |
| empirically supported treatments | psychotherapies and treatments that have been found useful according to specified research which includes treatment manuals, specific disorders, and control groups. |
| discovery oriented reearch | research approaches to psychotherapy in which the researcher attempts to identify significant moments or events and explore how they actually function in therapy. |
| split | in both gestalt therapy and process-experimental therapy, wgen clients want to experience a split between what they want to do and what they think they want to do. |
| markers | behavior signs that the client is struggling with a certain kind of emotional processing problem in a certain way. |
| good moments | Alvin Mahrer's list of the kinds of events in psychotherapy tha have been theorized to be associated with the facilitation of change, such as a moment of insight or heavy emotion. |
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