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PNF Information
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does PNF stand for? | Proprioceptive (input/stimulation from environment about location and mvmt) Neuromuscular Facilitation (from basic activation to strengthening) |
| What are the 5 goals of PNF? | 1. Strengthening/Endurance(eg:s/p RTC repair) 2. Coordination 3. Improve flexibility 4. Facilitate motion (eg: s/p CVA) 5. Improve balance |
| What are the 3 sensory cues used to encourage PNF movement? | 1. visual 2. cutaneous 3. Auditory |
| What is irradiation? | Stronger muscle groups to improve weaker ones (overflow) |
| PNF movements are not standard osteokinematics. Instead, they are a combo of movements. What are the 4 movements? | 1. multiplanar 2. diagonal 3. Rotational 4. Multijoint |
| What are the 3 major components each movement pattern has? | 1. Flexion/Extension 2. Abduction/Adduction 3. IR/ER |
| How are the PNF patterns named? | They are named for ending position of the most proximal joint. (shoulder, hip) |
| Flexion patterns are always paired with...(3) | ER, Radial Deviation, and Supination |
| What are the 4 bilateral PNF pattern variations? | 1. Symmetrical -same pattern,same direction on both sides 2. Symmetrical reciprocal- same pattern, opp directions 3. Asymmetrical -opp pattern, same direction(D1 one side,D2 on the other) 4. Asymmetrical reciprocal -opposite pattern, opposite direction |
| What are the 7 key elements of PNF? | 1.Volume verbal q's 2.Normal timing of motion 3.Bdy position of therapist(in the diag) 4.Manual contacts(lumbrical grip) 5.Resistance if needed(allow motion to be completed;based on goals:strength v endurance) 6.irradiation(spread of mm activity) 7.vision |
| Extension patterns are always paired with...(3) | IR, Ulnar deviation, and pronation |
| What is rhythmic initiation? | PROM-->AAROM-->AROM Learning the pattern |
| What is the PNF technique: Combination of isotonics? | concentric--> isometric --> eccentric w/isometric - we stop @ certain spots to perform isometric contraction --> this builds strength at that range (angle specificity) |
| Patient is unable to complete the full ROM of the D1 pattern. What is a PNF technique that could be used to help the patient work toward getting through the full range? | Using a combination of isotonics would help. It will allow them to build strength. |
| What is repeated stretch (contractions)? | Eliciting stretch reflex - can be performed at beginning of pattern (stretch) and/or t/o the pattern (contractions) |
| What is contract relax (hold relax)? | Resist isometric contraction of muscles that are limiting motion. Hold ~5sec. Relax - Then move into increased ROM (PROM) - Continue to do this to increased ROM - works due to reflex relaxation |
| What is contract relax contract? | Resist isometric con't of mm that r limiting motion; hold~5sec(knee/) -pt actively moves into incROM by activating antagonist of mm limiting motion(knee flexors) -Continue to incROM -works2/2reciprocal inhibition(when increasing mvmt,turn off antagonist) |
| What are the functional activities upper extremity D1 can be used for? | Eating, putting on earrings, shaving, combing hair |
| What are the functional activities upper extremity D2 can be used for? | Turning off light switch in supine in bed, reaching for seat belt, putting arm through coat sleeve |
| What are the functional activities lower extremity D1 can be used for? | Baseball, soccer, rolling in bed |
| What are the functional activities lower extremity D2 can be used for? | Karate, on/off a horse, in/out a car |
| What is the end position of upper extremity D1 flexion? extension? | Flexion: end position when bowling Extension: playing tennis |
| What is the end position of upper extremity D2 flexion? extension? | Flexion: Waiter position (Cheerleader V) Extension: pulling out a sword |
| What is the end position of lower extremity D1 flexion? extension? | Flexion: guy sitting cross legged Extension: pushing a scooter |
| What is the end position of lower extremity D2 flexion? extension? | Flexion: hacky sack extension: supine crossed leg |
| Describe the position of the patient's scapular, shoulder, elbow, forearm, wrist, and fingers in D1 flexion of the UE. | Scapula elevation, protraction, upward rotation Shoulder flexion, adduction, ER Elbow flexion or extension Forearm supination Wrist flexion and radial deviation Fingers flexion |
| Describe the position of the patient's scapular, shoulder, elbow, forearm, wrist, and fingers in D1 extension of the UE. | Scapula depression, retraction, downward rotation Shoulder extension, abduction, IR Elbow flexion or extension Forearm pronation Wrist extension and ulnar deviation Fingers extension |
| Describe the position of the patient's scapular, shoulder, elbow, forearm, wrist, and fingers in D2 flexion of the UE. | Scapula elevation, retraction, upward rotation Shoulder flexion, abduction, ER Elbow flexion or extension Forearm supination Wrist extension and radial deviation Fingers extension |
| Describe the position of the patient's scapular, shoulder, elbow, forearm, wrist, and fingers in D2 extension of the UE. | Scapula depression, protraction, downward rotation Shoulder extension, adduction, IR Elbow flexion or extension Forearm pronation Wrist flexion and ulnar deviation Fingers flexion |
| Describe the position of the patient's pelvis, hip, knee, ankle, and toes in D1 flexion of LE. | Pelvis protraction Hip flexion, adduction, ER Knee flexion or extension Ankle dorsiflexion, inversion Toes extension |
| Describe the position of the patient's pelvis, hip, knee, ankle, and toes in D1 extension of LE. | Pelvis retraction Hip extension, abduction, IR Knee flexion or extension Ankle plantarflexion, eversion Toes flexion |
| Describe the position of the patient's pelvis, hip, knee, ankle, and toes in D2 flexion of LE. | Pelvis protraction Hip flexion, abduction, IR Knee flexion or extension Ankle dorsiflexion, eversion Toes extension |
| Describe the position of the patient's pelvis, hip, knee, ankle, and toes in D2 extension of LE. | Pelvis retraction Hip extension, adduction, ER Knee flexion or extension Ankle plantarflexion, inversion Toes flexion |
| You want to use rhythmic stabilization (stabilizing reversals) with your patient, but she has shoulder instability. How should you position this patient? | Have them lay supine with one arm straight up toward ceiling and push that are right to left, etc this is a non-provocative position for shoulders (vs ER = provocative) |
| What does the PNF technique "Reversals of antagonists" promote? What are the two types? - | promotes balance and/or stability 2 types: Dynamic reversals and Rhythmic stabilization (stabilizing reversals) |
| Describe dynamic reversals. | Reverse direction on cue & repeatedly t/o motion |
| Describe rhythmic stabilization (stabilizing reversals) | trying to cause co-contraction of mm's to increase stability Eg: trunk: push someone from front, back,etc) Eg: shoulder: pts with chronic dislocation, this technique can help foster stabilization and strength around that joint |
| What is a good PNF technique to use on an individual with tight hamstrings? | Contract Relax Contract - do an isometric contraction of mm's limiting motion then move through increased range position: supine hamstring stretch |
Created by:
srussel
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