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sedative/hyp rx
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| this class of drugs has "barb" in the middle | barbiturates |
| nightmares are common when rx from this class are ceased | barbiturates |
| the older class of sedative-hypnotics | barbiturates |
| the class is also used for anti-convulsants and general anesthetics | barbiturates |
| this class causes general depression of the entire CNS and increases the inhibitory actions of GABA | barbiturates |
| this class increases stage 2 sleep but decreases stage 3 and 4 sleep | barbiturates |
| there is no antidote for this class | barbiturates |
| this rx class is addictive | barbiturates |
| overdose of this rx class produces vasodilation, hypotension, and shock | barbiturates |
| this rx class is metabolized by the liver, which means the longer you take the med, the more you need for the same benefit | barbiturates |
| this class increases the inhibitory actions of GABA | benzodiazepines |
| this rx class increases stage 2 sleep, but decreases stage 4 sleep | benzodiazepines |
| there is no REM rebound with this drug class, which means no frightening nightmares | benzodiazepines |
| this rx class is used to help addicts withdraw from barbiturates and alcohol | benzodiazepines |
| this rx class is used for: muscle relaxant, anti-convulsant, anti-epileptic, sedative, hypnotic, alcohol withdrawal | benzodiazepines |
| this rx has metabolized enzymes | benzodiazepines |
| flumazenil (romazicon) is the antidote for this rx class | benzodiazepines |
| this this rx class can cause a "hangover" effect, rebound insomnia, and daytime anxiety | benzodiazepines |
| this rx class does not usually interfere with REM sleep | benzodiazepines |
| this rx class is not usually physically addictive | benzodiazepines |
| most rx's in this rx class end in -pam, a couple end in -lam | benzodiazepines |
| this rx class blocks H1 and H2 receptors and easily enters the CNS | antihistamines |
| this rx class has anticholinergic side effects (dry...dry...dry) | antihistamines |
| this rx class has sedation as a side effect | antihistamines |
| increases urination and suppresses ADH | alcohol |
| excess amounts cause dehydration | alcohol |
| increases GABA | alcohol |
| causes vasodilation | alcohol |
| causes drop in body temperature | alcohol |
| is metabolized by the liver | alcohol |
| stops conversion of acetylhyde to acetyl CoA | antabuse |
| causes extreme sickness and nauseau | antabuse |
| causes CNS depression | alcohol |
| long term use causes fatty liver/cirrhosis | alcohol |
| metabolized at a constant rate of 10-15 mL/hr | alcohol |
| is used in OTC cold remedies | alcohol |
| used topicall to reduce temperature and as a disinfectant | alcohol |
| the antidote for methanol poisoning | alcohol |
| the antidote for antifreeze poisoning | alcohol |
| the antidote for carburator fluid hugging and paint huffing | alcohol |
| topical and steroid cremes have to be mixed with this. also eye and ear drops. | alcohol |
| suppress syptoms by the thalamus and limbic system | antipsychotics |
| regulates neurotransmitters | antipsychotics |
| balances dopamines and acetylcholine | antipsychotics |
| droperidol | antipsychotic typical |
| haloperidol | antipsychotic typical |
| loxapine | antipsychotic typ |
| molindone | antipsychotic typ |
| pimozide | antipsychotic typ |
| thiothxene | antipsycotic typ |
| discovered early 1950's | phenothiazines |
| has anticholinergic effects | phenothiazine |
| has antihistaminic effects | phenothiazines |
| has antiemetic effects | phenothiazines |
| has alpha-adrenergic blocking effects | phenothiazines |
| EPS effects | phenothiazines |
| neuroleptic malignant syndrome | phenothiazines |
| no longer used as an anti-psychotic but as an anti-nausea drug | phenothiazines |
| Promethazine (phenergan) | phenothiazines |
| chlorpromazine | phenothiazines |
| prochlorperazine | phenothiazine |
| thioridazine | phenothiazine |
| used in agitated/manic patients | typical anti-psychotics |
| causes hyperglycemia | atypical antipsychotics |
| causes weight gain | atypical antipsychotics |
| blood disorders as a side effect | atypical antipsychotics |
| fewer EPS effects | atypical antipsychotics |
| used very sparingly because of extreme adverse effects | atypical antipsychotics |
| most common anti-anxiety drugs | benzodiazepines |
| good alternative to benzodiazepines | buspirone (Buspar) |
| low addiction rate | BuSpar |
| blocks serotonin reuptake | selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI's) |
| used for depression | SSRI |
| for OCD | SSRI |
| for social anxiety | SSRI |
| adverse effect: nausea, dry mouth, diarrhea, anorexia | SSRI |
| CNS and GI adverse effects | SSRI |
| takes 4-6 weeks for full effect to be felt | SSRI |
| similar to SSRI | SSNRI |
| more difficult to stop than SSRI | SSNRI |
| takes 4-6 weeks for full effect to be felt | SSNRI |
| lowers the threshold for seizures, so can cause seizures | dopamine reuptake inhibitors (buproprion) |
| used for smoking cessation | dopamine reuptake inhibitors |
| used as a sleep aid (usually) | serotonin reuptake antagonist (trazodone) |
| has a 3 ring structure | TCAs |
| block NE and 5-HT reuptake | TCAs |
| sedation and anticholinergic effects also alpha-adrenergic blockade | TCAs |
| adverse effect: dry mouth, hypotension, urinary retention, drowsiness | TCAs |
| adverse effect: heptotoxicity | TCAs |
| first anti depression meds | MAOIs |
| drug interaction: extreme interaction w/anything containing tyramine (foods) or sympathominetic rxs (sudafed or anything that stimulates the sympathetic nervous system | MAOIs |
| adverse effect: dry mouth, hypotension, urinary retention, impotence | MAOIs |
| adverse effect: insomnia, tremors, convulsions | MAOIs |
| adverse effect: hepatoxicity | MAOIs |
| used to treat narcolepsy | psychmotor stimulants |
| used to treat hyperactivity | psychmotor stimulants |
| as a weight loss aid | psychmotor stimulants |
| stimulates NE and dopamine receptors and stimulates the release of NE and dopamine from nerve endings | psychmotor stimulants |
| elevates mood | psychmotor stimulants |
| adverse effects: dry mouth, tachycardia, hypertension, insomnia | psychmotor stimulants |
| used for extreme depression and ADD | psychmotor stimulants |
| used when there is excess NE and monoamines | antimanic drug (lithium is the only one) |
| sodium levels must be monitored while taking this | lithium |
| adverse effects: nausea, tremors, thirst, increased urination, thyroid dysfunction | lithium |
Created by:
annettemosier
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