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ELLIST#71
KEY TERMS CH 8 - PARENTERALS
| TERM | DEFINITION |
|---|---|
| What are parenteral solutions? | solutions that are administered to any organ outside of the alimentary tract |
| What is an admixture? | the solution made when a drug is added to a parenteral solution |
| What are IV fat emulsions? | emulsions that supply essential fatty acids |
| What are peritoneal dialysis solutions? | solutions used by patients who do not have functioning kidneys |
| What is a laminar flow hood? | a hood that provides continuous movement of air at a uniform rate in one direction |
| What are biological safety cabinets? | cabinets used when preparing hazardous drugs to prevent contamination |
| What are aseptic techniques? | techniques used to maintain sterile products |
| What is the rule for choosing a syringe size? | the size of the syringe must be larger than the volume that will be measured |
| How are needles sized? | needle sizes are indicated by length and gauge; the higher the gauge number, the smaller the lumen |
| What are filters used for? | filters are used to remove particles from solutions |
| What is flow rate? | the rate at which a solution is administered to a patient |
| What are piggybacks? | small parental volumes that are added to larger ones |
| What are pyrogens? | substances that can cause fever |
| What is a Flashball? | flexible rubber tubing at the end of a needle on an administration set that is used to determine if a needle is properly placed |
| What does it mean to be isotonic? | when solutions have the same osmolarities |
| What does it mean to be hypertonic? | when a solution has a greater osmolarity than another |
| What does it mean to be hypotonic? | when a solution has a lesser osmolarity than another |
| What is chemical complexation? | when two drugs combine to form a new chemical |
| What does lyophilized mean? | freeze-dried |
| What is a diluent? | a liquid that dilutes a substance |
| What are ready-to-mix systems? | specially designed minibags where a drug is put into an SVP just before administration |
| What is a bevel? | an angled surface |
| What is a gauge? | how needles are measured: the higher the gauge, the thinner the lumen |
| What is a lumen? | the hollow center of a needle |
| What is coring? | when a needle damages the rubber closure of a parenteral container |
| What is a membrane filter? | a filter that attaches to a syringe |
| What is a depth filter? | a filter that is placed inside a needle hub |
| What is a final filter? | a filter that filters a solution immediately before it enters a patient's vein |
| What is a laminar flow? | continuous movement at a stable rate in one direction |
| What is a HEPA filter? | a high efficiency particulate air filter |
| What is an irrigation solution? | a large splash solution used during surgery to bathe and moisten body tissue |
| What is an ampule? | a sealed glass container with an elongated neck that must be snapped off |
| What are sharps? | needles and any items that might puncture or cut the skin |
| What is an additive? | a drug that is added to a parenteral solution |
| What is RCRA? | the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act that regulates the handling of hazardous waste |
| What is the valence? | the number of positive or negative charges on an ion |
| What are LVP solutions? | large volume parenteral solutions (100ml or more) |
| What are SVP solutions? | pre-packaged products of small volume parenteral solutions |
| What are TPN solutions? | total parenteral nutrition solutions with amino acids, dextrose, fat, protein, electrolytes, vitamins, and trace elements |
| What is a TNA solution? | an IV solution with amino acids, dextrose, fat emulsion, and additional micronutrients |
| What is dialysis? | the movement of particles in a solution through permeable membranes |
| What are the two basic groups of filters? | depth filters and membrane filters |
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pharmtechteach
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