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ELLIST#62
KEY TERMS PHARMACY CH 1 - 3
| QUESTION | ANSWER |
|---|---|
| What is the first effective local anesthetic? | cocaine |
| What is pharmacology? | the study of drugs, their properties, uses, applications, and effects |
| What is the name of the drug derived from foxglove plant that has been widely used in treating heart disease? | digitalis |
| What is quinine and where does it come from? | the first useful drug in the treatment of malaria; it was extracted from the bark of a Peruvian tree, the Cinchona |
| What is germ theory? | the theory that microorganisms cause food spoilage |
| From what was the injectable form of the polio vaccine made? | the killed polio virus |
| Name the hormone that lowers blood sugar in the treatment of diabetes. | insulin |
| What was the first antibiotic? | penicillin |
| What are synthetic drugs? | drugs that are created by reformulating simpler chemicals to create a new chemical not found in nature |
| What is the Human Genome Project? | an attempt to map the entire DNA sequence in the human genome to provide a better understanding of hereditary diseases and how to treat them |
| To become a pharmacist in the US, is it necessary to have a Doctor of Pharmacy degree? | Yes. To become a pharmacist in the US, an individual most obtain a Doctor of Pharmacy degree from an accredited college of pharmacy, pass a state licensing exam (in some states), and train under a licensed pharmacist. |
| Why would generic drugs be used instead of the more expensive brand drugs? | to control the cost of prescription drugs |
| How are pharmacies becoming more computerized? | Pharmacies use computer systems to store data regarding customer profiles, product, inventory, pricing, and other essential information. |
| What is a formulary? | a list of drugs that are approved for use by patients |
| What is salicylic acid ? | a natural drug that was a forerunner to the active ingredient in aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) |
| What is the definition of "pharmaceutical"? | of or about drugs; a drug product |
| What is a panacea? | a cure-all |
| What is a substance which kills or harms microorganisms like bacteria and fungi? | an antibiotic |
| What are hormones? | chemicals produced by the body that regulate body functions and processes |
| What is pharmacognosy? | the study of physical, chemical, biochemical, and biological properties of drugs |
| From what was the oral form of the polio vaccine made? | from a weakened form of live polio virus |
| Where does the active ingredient in aspirin come from? | from the bark of a white willow tree |
| What is the most widely used drug in the world? | Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) |
| The discovery of what drug revolutionized surgery and dentistry? | cocaine |
| What is the term for the complete set of genetic material contained in a human cell? | human genome |
| What is an antitoxin? | a substance that acts against a toxin in the body |
| Who discovered that penicillin could kill bacteria? | Alexander Flemming |
| What did Banting and Best demonstrate? | that an extract of the hormone insulin lowered blood sugar in dog, and so would be useful in the treatment of diabetes |
| Who studied the properties of the foxglove plant and what drug was derived from the plant? | William Withering; digitalis is derived from the foxglove plant. It is used to treat heart disease. |
| Which ancient people believed that demons were the cause of illness? | the Sumerians. They studied the stars and intestines of animals for clues to the supernatural causes of man's condition and fate. |
| Who was first known to practice "trial and error" drug testing? | Chinese Emperor Shen Nung established 365 herbs used in health treatment. |
| Who showed that heat can kill microorganisms and preserve food? | Louis Pasteur |
| What drug was instrumental in saving lives leading to the success in World War II? | penicillin |
| Who was the Greek goddess of Medicinal Herbs? | Panacea |
| What was "Jesuit's powder" and what disease did it treat? | quinine, used to treat malaria |
| Who identified the structure of DNA? | James Watson and Francis Crick |
| What is the term related to the requirement to keep patient information private? | confidentiality |
| What is the term for making an accounting for items on hand? | inventory |
| Who establishes standards for pharmacy technician training or competency? | State Boards of Pharmacy |
| How long is the CPhT designation good for? | 2 years |
| What law requires health care providers to be responsible for the privacy and security of a patient's protected health information? | The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act -- HIPAA(1996) |
| Which independent non-profit organization sets standards and monitors compliance for hospitals and health care programs? | The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations (JCAHO). |
| Which organization sets standards for practice for pharmacists who provide medication distribution and consultant services to nursing homes? | The American Society for Consultant Pharmacists (ASCP). |
| What is the accrediting organization for pharmacy residency and pharmacy technician training programs? | The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP). |
| Which organization is the leading enforcement agency for regulations concerning drug products? | The Food and Drug Administration (FDA). |
| Which organization controls the distribution of drugs that may be easily abused? | The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). |
| Before it is approved for marketing, what must a new drug demonstrate? | That it is both safe and effective and its benefits substantially outweigh its risks. |
| What is the term for an inactive substance used to test the effectiveness of drugs? | A placebo. |
| Which is the most frequently used DEA form? | DEA Form 222 -- used to order C-I and C-II drugs. It must be filled out in indelible ink or typewriter, signed by an authorized person, in triplicate. |
| What is a Schedule I drug? | A drug with high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use in the US. |
| Give examples of a Schedule I drug | "Crack" cocaine, crystal methamphetamine, ecstasy, hashish, heroin, LSD, marijuana, opium, PCP, roofies |
| What is a Schedule II drug? | A drug with high potential for abuse and may lead to physical or psychological dependence, but has a currently accepted medical use in the US. |
| What are examples of Sch. II drugs? | Adderall, cocaine, codeine, Demerol, methadone, morphine, Oxycontin, Percocet, Ritalin, etc. |
Created by:
pharmtechteach
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