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Intro to Psych.
Chapter 1 FBU Afful
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The science of behavior and mental processes | Psychology |
| A method of interpretation and analysis of aspects of human cognition, behavior, culture, and experience that focuses on relationships of contrast between elements in a conceptual system that reflect patterns underlying a superficial diversity. | Structuralism |
| Belief in or stress on the practical application of a thing. | Functionalism |
| An organized whole that is perceived as more than the sum of its parts | Gesalt |
| The theory that human and animal behavior can be explained in terms of conditioning, without appeal to thoughts or feelings, and that psychological disorders are best treated by altering behavior patterns. | Behaviorism |
| Who is known as one of the founding figures of Psychology? | Wilheim Wundt |
| also known as human development, is the scientific study of systematic psychological changes, emotional changes, and perception changes that occur in human beings over the course of their life span. | Developmental Psychology |
| the scientific study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others | Social Psychology |
| n integration of science, theory and clinical knowledge for the purpose of understanding, preventing, and relieving psychologically-based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and personal development | Clinical Psychology |
| a psychological specialty that encompasses research and applied work in several broad domains: counseling process and outcome; supervision and training; career development and counseling; and prevention and health. | Counseling Psychology |
| A through observational and description of a single individual, appropriate only when done for an unusual condition or circumstance. | Case study |
| Careful monitoring and examination of what people and animals do under more less natural circumstances | Naturalistic observations |
| A study of prevalence of certain beliefs attitude or behavior based on people's responses to a specific questions. | Surveys |
| A numerical expression of the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables | Correlations |
| The variable that the researcher manipulates/ changes | IV |
| The variable that changes depending on the IV | DV |
| A comprehensive explanation of observable events and conditions | A theory |
| A prediction based on a theory that is tested in a study | Hypothesis |
| A small number of individuals or observations is called what? | A sample |
| defines something (e.g. a variable, term, or object) in terms of the specific process or set of validation tests used to determine its presence and quantity | Operational Definition |
| An apparent relationship based on casual observations of unrelated | Illusory Correlation |
| What are the four lobes of the brain? | Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal lobe. |
| This part of a neuron contains the nucleus of the cell that works to keep the cell alive. | Cell body |
| This par of a neuron is widely branching structures that receive transmission from other neurons and conducts impulsed towards the cell body. | Dendrites |
| This part of a neuron is a single, long, thin fiber with branches near its tip, through which messages are sent to other neurons or to muscle or glands. | Axon |
| This part of a neuron enables vastly greater transmission speed of neural impulses | Myelin Sheath |
| This is the junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron | synapse |
| The brains sensory switchboard, located on the top of the brainstem. IT directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla. | Thalamus |
| Neural structure lying below the thalamus; directs several maintenance activities such as body temp, emotions, feeding, fighting, fleeing and fornication. | Hypothalamus |
| This part of the brain helps coordinate voluntary movement and balance | Cerebellum |
| This part of the brain is the intricate fabric of the interconnected neural cells that covers the cerebral hemispheres. The body's ultimate control and information processing center | Cerebral cortex |
| This lobe involved in speaking and muscle movement and in make plans and judgements | Frontal Lobes |
| This lobe include the sensory cortex | Parietal lobe |
| is a set of brain structures including the hippocampus, amygdala, anterior thalamic nuclei, septum, limbic cortex and fornix, which seemingly support a variety of functions including emotion, behavior, long term memory, and olfaction | The limbic system |
| What is the left and right brain connected by? | The corpus callosum |
| This refers to the brains ability to modify functions when damaged especially in children | Plasticity |
| this is the most important unit of the nervous system, basic building blocks of the nervous systems | Neurons |
| The concept that the size of JND is proportional to the intensity of the stimulus; the JND is large when the stimulus intensity is hight and small when the stimulus intensity is love. | Weber's Law |
| Minimun stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time | Absolute threshold |
| The minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50% of the ti. | Difference threshold |
| What are the five basic tastes? | sweet, sour, salty, bitter, Unami. |
| Analysis that begins with the sense receptors and work up to the brains integration of sensory information. | Bottom up processing |
| Information processing guided by higher level mental processes. | Top down processing. |
| This process through which the senses pick up usual auditory and other sensory stimuli and transmit them to the brian. | Sensation |
| The process by which sensory information is actively organized and interpreted by the brain. | Perception. |
Created by:
AWherle
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