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RSU Pharm Test 1 ANS
Test over Class 1 & 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ADR | Adverse Drug Reaction |
| SE | Side Effect |
| HTN | Hypertension |
| EtOH | alcohol (ethyl alcohol) |
| HA | Headache |
| CV | Cardiovascular |
| MI | myocardial infarction (heart attack) |
| CVA | cerebrovascular accident |
| TIA | transient ischemic attack |
| GERD | gastroesophageal reflux disease |
| PUD | peptic ulcer disease |
| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| EKG | electrocardiogram |
| EEG | electroencephalogram |
| tx | treatment |
| px | prevention |
| Btx | between |
| dx | diagnosis |
| Drug | substance use to diagnosis or tx condition or disease |
| Pharmacodynamics | What the drug does to your body |
| Pharmacokinetics | What the body does to the drug |
| Toxicology | Study of harmful effects on drugs |
| Pharmacotherapeutics | Use of drug (why you are taking it) |
| Pharmacy | Science of preparing, storing, dispensing and use of drugs |
| Pharmacognacy | Isolation and study of natural medication |
| Therapeutic effect | What we wnat the drug to do |
| Indication | Reason to take the drug |
| Contraindication | reason not to take the drug |
| Side Effects | nuissance |
| Adverse Effects | potentially harmful |
| Toxic Effects | poisoning |
| Idiosyncratic effects | unusual reaction to the drug |
| Allergies | Immune reaction to medication |
| Agonist | tell receptor to do what receptor is suppose to do |
| Antagonist | (Blocker) preventing something else from activating cell |
| Affinity | magnitism |
| Low Affinity | must be close together |
| Drug Sources | Natural - Plants -Animals Synthetic -Chemistry -Microbes -Minerals |
| The rights | Patient, Drug, Dose, Route, Time (Technique, Documantation) |
| High abuse potential, No acceptable medical use | Schedule I |
| High abuse potential, Accepted medical use | Schedule II |
| Moderate to low abuse potential, acceted medical use | Schedule III, IV, & V |
| ADME | Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion |
| ED50 | Effective Dose in 50% of people |
| LD50 | lethal dose in 50% of people |
| Enteral Administration | Oral, SL, Buccal, Rectal |
| Parenteral Administration | IV, IM, SQ, Intrathecal (spine), Intravetrial (eye), Intracaudal (spine), ID, IA, Intra-articular (joint), Intraventricular (heart or brain) |
| Main organ in metabolism | Liver |
| Drug interaction happens here | liver |
| Organs that excrete | Kidney, GI, Respiratory, Sweat, Saliva, Lataton |
| Synergism | help each other work better (2+2=5) |
| Antagonism | inhibits other drug (2+2=3) |
| Factors that affect drugs (8) | Age, Gender, Weight, Disease, Emotional State, Compliance, Genetic factors, Placebo effect |
| Pregnancy Categories | A,B,C,D,X A-safest, human studies, very few B-animal studies, no human studies C-No human data available, no ADR in animals D- Evidence of human fetal risk, benefits outweight risks X-Proven fetal risks outweigh ANY possible benefit |
| Somatic NS | voluntary muscle |
| Autonomic NS | involuntary muscles, helps maintain homeostasis, innervates viscera |
| Parasympathetic NS | Rest and Digest |
| Sympathetic NS | Fight or Flight |
| Agonists | cause reaction |
| Antagonists | block reaction |
| Direct-acting | sits of receptors |
| Indirect-acting | never touches receptor |
| Cholinergic Drugs AKA ______________? | Parasympathomimetics |
| Cholinergic Drugs Agonists or Antagonists? | Agonists |
| Cholinergic Effects | Ocular-increase lacrimation; miosis Respriratory-bronchoconstriction & increase secretions Cardiac-decreased HR GI & GU-Salivation, increase gastric acid secretion, incresed GI motility, micturition (urination) |
| Cholinergic Uses | Glaucoma, Dry eyes, Miosis during Opthalmic surgery, Xerostomia, Alzheimer's Disease, Myasthenia gravis, Pesticides |
| Cholinergic drugs are antidotes for? | Curaiform drugs, Anticholingergic poisoning, Neuromusclar blockers |
| Cholinergic Adverse Effects | Excessive tearing, SOB, Bradycardia/hypotension, Excessive salivation, Diarrhea, Urinary incontinence |
| Cholinergic Medications Direct-acting | Direct-acting: Acetylcholine Bethanechol Carbachol Cervimeline Pilocarpine Varenicline |
| Cholinergic Indirect-acting medications | Donepezil Edrophonium Echothiophate Galantamine Malathion Necstigmine Physolingmine Pyridostigmine Rivastigmine |
| Anticholingeric Drugs AKA________________________? AKA________________________? | Cholinergic Antagonists Parasympatholytics |
| Anticholingergic Effects | Ocular-mydriaisi; decreased lacrimation Cardiac-increase HR Respiratory-Broncodilation; decreased secretions GI & GU- decreased LES; decreased GI motility; urinary retention |
| Anticholinergic Uses | Mydriasis, Bradycardia, Urinary incontinence/Overactive bladder, Diarrhea/IBS, Ulcers, Motion Sickness |
| Anticholinergic drugs are antidotes for? | Antidote for Cholinergic drugs |
| Anticholinergic Adverse Effects | Dry mouth, visual disturbances, urinary retention, constipation, dry skin |
| Anticholinergic Toxicities | red as a beet dry as a bone hot as a hare blind as a bat mad as a hatter full as a flask |
| Anticholinergic Drugs: | Dicyclomine Glycopyrrolate Hyoscyamine Oxybutin Scopolamine Tolterodine |
| Anticholinergic meds are given at end of death for what reason? | Stop fluid leakage |
| Adrenergic Receptors | Adipose Tissue, Blood Vessels, Bronchi, CNS, GI tract, Heart, Kidney, Liver, Pancreas, Skeletal Muscle, Skin, Uterus |
| Adrenergic Receptor Agonists AKA__________________________? | Sympathomimetics |
| a1-Adrenergic Agonist Effects | Contraction of vascular smooth muscle Contraction of iris dilator muscle (mydriasis) Contraction of bladder sphincter (urinary retention) |
| a1-Adrenegic Agonist Uses | Hypotension/shock Nsal decongestant Ohthalmin decongestant |
| a1-Adrenergic Agonist Adverse Effects | Hypertension Palpitations Nasal dryness/irritation Ocular dryness/ irritaton Extravasation (tissue necrosis) |
| a1-Adrenergic Agonists | Ephedrine (No longer on the market in the US) Midodrine Naphazoline Oxymetazoline Phenylephrine (a&b) Pseudoephedrine |
| a2-Adrenergic Agonist Effects | Inhibits release of NE by affecting brainstem resulting in sedation large doses can result in vasoconstriction |
| a2-Adrenergic Agonists ADR | Sedation (bradycardia, hypotension, bradypnea) Xerostomis (dry mouth) Urinary retention High doses (hypertention) |
| a2-Adrenergic Agonists | Dexmedetomidine |
| B2-Adrenergic Agonist Effects | Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle Relaxes uterine smooth muscle Relaxes vascular smooth muscle |
| B2...Where is it found? | Lungs (B2=2 lungs) |
| B2-Adrenergic Agonist Uses | Bronchodilation Tocolytics (Stop Labor) |
| B2-Adrenergic Agonist Adverse Effects | Hypertension Fetal Tachycardia Hyperglycemia CNS stimulation Anxiety/Restlessness Arrhythmias |
| B2-Adrenergic Agonist Drug | Albuterol Arformoterol Formoterol Levalbuterol Pirbuterol Salmeterol Terbutaline |
| a1-Blocker Effects | Relaxes vascular smooth muscle (vasodialtes) Relaxes bladder neck and prostate (relieves urinary retention) |
| a1-Blocker Uses | hypertention Urinary retention Benign prostatic hypertrophy |
| a1-Blocker Adverse Effects | Hypotension Dizziness/Fainting Reflex tachucardia Edema |
| a1-Blockers | Alfuzosin Doxazosin Prazosin Silodosin Tamsulosin Terazosin Phenoxybenzamine Phentolamine |
Created by:
kraith
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