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Eye Pharmacology
Pharmacology of the eye
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where is the ciliary body? What does it do? | It is a circular structure surrounding the body of the lens; it controls the size + shape of the lens and help keep it upright |
| What structures connect the ciliary body to the lens? | (ciliary) Zonular fibers |
| Where is aqueous humor produced? Where is it located? How does it drain? | Produced by fine vessels on the ciliary body; helps maintain constant pressure in the eye (for support); supplies eye and cornea with nutrients, removes waste products; drain in canal schlemm (venous channel around eye anterior to ciliary body) |
| Where is the posterior chamber? | Located in the small space between the lens (posterior) and the iris (anterior) |
| Where is the anterior chamber? | Anterior surface is the inner surface of the cornea; the posterior surface consists of the iris (and pupil) and the crystalline lens |
| Where is the only spot on the retina with detailed colored vision? Where is the only blind spot of the eye? | In the fovea (centralis) in the middle of the macula; the only blind spot is located at the site where the optic nerve enters the eye |
| What is acetylcholine/miochol? What is it used for? | It's acetylcholine; used for intraocular use in miosis for surgery; causes corneal edema as a side effect |
| What is charbachol/miostat? What is it used for? | It is a cholinergic agonist; for use in intraocular use in surgey, glaucoma |
| What is pilocarpine used for? | Glaucoma; same side effects as carbachol |
| What is atropine used for? What are its side effects? | muscarinic antagonist; cycloplegic retinoscopy, dilated fundoscopic exam, cycloplegia; photosensitivity, blurred vision (lasts for a long time) |
| What is cyclopentolate used for? | Anti-cholinergic dilating agent (muscarinic antagonist); same as atropine; only lasts for a day (in eye)-->short half life |
| What is tropicamide used for? | Anticholinergic dilating agent; same as atropine |
| What are adrenergic dilating agents used for? | Used to reverse mydriasis due to disease (to cause constriction); glaucoma |
| What are the adrenergic dilating agents? | neo-synephrine, beta blockers ocular hypotensives, timolol, cartelol |
| What are the alpha adrenergic ocular hypotensives? | Sympathomimetic agent; used to treat glaucoma |
| Name the cholinergic analogues used in opthamology | Miochol (acetylcholin), miostat (carbachol), pilocarpine |
| What are the anticholinergic dilating agents? | Neo-synephrine (phelephrine), beta blockers ocular hypotensives, timolol, cartelol |
Created by:
karkis77
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