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PSYC001 Chapter 11
INTELLIGENCE. Vocab, Concepts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| predictive validity | assessment of whether a test measures what it's intended to measure, based on whether the test score correlates with another relevant criterion measured later |
| psychometric approach to intelligence | attempt to understand the nature of intelligence by studying the pattern of results obtained on intelligence tests |
| factor analysis | statistical method for studying the interrelations among various tests GOAL: to discover whether the tests are all influenced by the same factors, or by distinct factors |
| general intelligence (g) | mental attribute that is hypothesized as contributing to the performance of virtually any intellectual test divisions: Linguistic ability, numerical ability, spatial ability |
| fluid intelligence | ability to deal with new and unusual problems |
| crystallized intelligence | acquired knowledge, including the person's repertoire of verbal knowledge and cognitive skills |
| simple reaction time | measure of how quickly someone can respond to stimulus |
| choice reaction time | measure of the speed of mental processing tha takes place when someone must choose between several responses, depending on which stimulus is presented |
| inspection time | time someone needs to make a simple discrimination between two stimuli |
| working memory capacity (WMC) | measure of how efficiently a person can manage multiple mental process at once |
| goal maintenance | mental process of keeping one's goal in mind to guide the selection of the next actions |
| analytic intelligence | ability typically measured by intelligence tests crucial for academic success |
| practical intelligence | ability to solve everyday problems through skilled reasoning that relies on tacit knowledge |
| tacit knowledge | practical "how-to" knowledge accumulated from everyday experience |
| emotional intelligence | ability to understand your own and others' emotions, and to control your emotions appropriately |
| multiple intelligences [in Gardner's theory] | six essential, independent mental capacities 1) linguistic 2) logical-mathematical 3) spatial 4) musical 5) bodily-kinesthetic 6) personal intelligence |
| savant syndrome | in a developmentally disabled person, who has some remarkable talent that contrasts with his low level of general intelligence |
| Flynn effect | worldwide increase in IQ scores over the last several decades rate of 3pts per decade |
| heritability ratio (H) | measure that describes, for a given population in a given environment, what proportion of the variance of a trait is due to genetic factors |
| stereotype threat | mechanism through which a person's performance is influenced by her perception that her score may confirm stereotypes about her group |
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