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Waves
Light waves, sound waves, and water waves
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Amplitude | The distance from the midpoint to the crest (or to the trough) of a wave. |
| Diffraction | Any bending of light by means other than reflection and refraction. |
| Dispersion | The separation of light into colors arranged by frequency. |
| Doppler effect | The change in frequency of a wave due to the motion of the source (or due to the motion of the receiver). |
| Electromagnetic spectrum | The continuous range of electromagnetic waves that extends in frequency from radio waves to gamma rays. |
| Electromagnetic wave | An energy-carrying wave produced when an electric charge accelerates. |
| Forced vibration | The setting up of vibrations in an object by a vibrating source. |
| Frequency | For a vibrating body, the number of vibrations per unit time. For a wave, the number of crests that pass a particular point per unit time. |
| Interference | The combined effect of two or more waves overlapping. |
| Law of reflection | The angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence. |
| Longitudinal wave | A wave in which the medium vibrates in a direction parallel (longitudinal) with the direction in which the wave travels. |
| Natural frequency | A frequency at which an elastic object naturally tends to vibrate. |
| Opaque | The term applied to materials that absorb light without reemission. |
| Period | The time required for a vibration or a wave to make a complete cycle. |
| Reflection | The returning of a wave to the medium from which it came when it hits a barrier. |
| Refraction | The bending of waves due to a change in the medium. |
| Resonance | A dramatic increase in the amplitude of a wave that results when the frequency of forced vibrations matches an object’s natural frequency. |
| Transparent | The term applied to materials through which light can pass in straight lines. |
| Transverse wave | A wave in which the medium vibrates in a direction perpendicular (transverse) to the direction in which the wave travels. |
| Wave | A disturbance that travels from one place to another transporting energy, but not necessarily matter, along with it. |
| Wavelength | The distance from the top of one crest to the top of the next one, or, equivalently, the distance between successive identical parts of the wave. |
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