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Insomnia-Treatment

QuestionAnswer
What medications cause Insomnia caffeine, Parkinsons, drugs, theophyline, nicotine, corticosteroids, SSRIs, etc
What is the Mechanism of Action for Valium
When should hypnotics be prescribed and how often? when non-drug therapy has failed and are not for chronic use (2-3 times/week). Chronic use is common but not recommended.
What are some common sleep hygiene/sleep fitness Rules? establish routine sleep schedule, avoid naps (20-30 min power naps are best), avoid CNS stimulants (alcohol, laxatives, diuretics) near bedtime, be active all day (wind down after 7 pm), increase daytime sunlight, reserve bedroom for sleeping
Which common sleep aids are available OTC and have common anticholinergic side effects? Diphenhydramine & Doxylamine (Benedryl, Unisom, Tylenol PM, advil PM)
Which common sleep aid is a sedating antihistamine used by older adults in which tolerance will develop with routine use Diphenhydramine & Doxylamine (Benedryl, Unisom, Tylenol PM, advil PM)
What is the Mechanism of Action of Ramelteo (Rozerem) Melatonin Receptor agonist
Which common sleep aid is prescription only,but not a controlled substance Ramelteon (Rozerem)
How do Zolpidem (Ambien) Zaleplon (Sonata) & Eszopiclone (Lunesta) compare to benzodizepines similar in structure and MoA but only used as hypnotics not anticonvulsant
Which sleep aids have a short half life and quick onset of action, and therefore should be taken right before bedtime Ambien, Sonata, Lunesta
Which sleep aids have been reported to cause sleep driving and sleep eating? Zolpidem (Ambient)
What is the common ending of all Benzodiazepines? pam & lam
What is the MoA of the Benzodiazepine Sedatives Enhances actions and binding of GABA to its CNS binding sites and therefore slows neuronal funxion and suppresses CNS
What is the therapeutic use of Benzodiazepine sedatives? anxiolytic, insomnia, sedative/hypnotic, status epilepticus, alcohol withdrawal, muscle spasm
What are the adverse effects of Benzodiazepine Sedatives? CNS epression, Respiratory depression, anterograde amnesia (forgetfulness), sleep-walking, abuse, physical dependence
What are the withdrawl symptoms that appear from physical dependence on Benzodiazepines anxiety, insomnia, panic, sweating, tremors, agitation, HTN, muscle twitching, fatal Seizures
What are the overdose symptoms of Bezodiazepines respiratory depression, hypotension, shock, coma, and death
What Drug Interactions are common with Benzodiazepines Additive effects with CNS & respiratory depressants (opioids, TCAs, alcohol, sleep aids, muscle relaxants, sizure meds, antihistames). Also some cytochrome p450 interactions
What endind is given to the Barbiturate Sedatives barbital
What is the MoA of the Barbiturate Sedatives direct GABA agonists, potentiates effects of GABA on CNS
What are Barbiturates Sedatives used to treat? Preventative treatment of seizure, rarely used as hypnotics and no longer used for anxiety
What is the difference between Benzodiazepine sedatives and barbiturate dedatives? similar adverse effects, precautions, and drug interactions, but more pronounced in barbiturate sedatives and high risk of cytochrome p450 interactions
Created by: aamoore2245
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