Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
CT Patient Care I
Contrast Agents
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Life-threatening reactions; symptoms include substantial respiratory distress, unresponsiveness, convulsions, clinically manifested arrhythmias, and cardiopulmonary arrest. These reactions require prompt recognition and treatment | anaphylactoid |
| Rapid loss of renal failure function caused by damange to the kidney, resulting in retention of waste products that are normally excreted by the kidney | acute renal failure (ARF) |
| A semipermeable structure that protects the brain from most substances in the blood, while still allowing essential metabolic function | blood-brain barrier |
| Barium leaking into the peritoneal cavity | barium peritonitis |
| The ability of the kidney to remove a substance from the blood | clearance |
| Reactions that result from the physicochemical properties of the CM, the dose, and speed of injection. All hemodynamic disturbances and injuries to organs or cells els perfused by the CM are included in this. Contrast-induced nephropathy is an ex. | chemotoxic reactions |
| An acute impairment of renal function that follows the intravascular administration of contrast material, for which alternative causes have been excluded | contrast media-induced nephropathy (CIN) |
| Reactions occurring between 1 hour and 1 week after contrast medium injection | delayed reactions |
| Having a greater number of particles in solution per unit of liquid, as compared with blood | hyperosmolar/hypertonic |
| Older iodinated agents, now less commonly used for intravascular injections. The osmolality of these agents ranges from approximately 1,300 to 2,140 mOsm/kg, or about 4 to 7 times that of human blood | high-osmolality contrast media (HOCM) |
| LIterally translated as "standing or staying the same," in regards to the body, the minute-to-minute state of balance of water, electrolytes (such as sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate), and pH | homeostasis |
| condition in which thyroid hormone reaches a high livel. In patients with a history of hyperthyroidism, iodinated CM can intensify throid toxicosis, and in rare cases it can precipitate a thyroid storm, which is a severe life-threatening condition | hyperthyroidism |
| Describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney and is a measurement of kidney function | glomerular filtration rate (GFR) |
| One of the main causes of hyperthyroidism | Graves' disease |
| Time it takes for half of the dose of a substance to be eliminated from the body | half-life |
| A contrast agent (Visipaque, GE Healthcare) with an osmolality equal to that of blood | isosmolar contrast medial (IOCM) |
| Having nearly the same number of particles in solution per unit of liquid as compared with blood | isotonic |
| An immunotherapy used to treat some cancers | interleukin-2 |
| Contrast agents introduced in the 1980s that contain much lower osmolality, from approximately 600 to 850 mOsm/kg, or roughly 2 to 3 times the osmolality of human blood | low-osmolality contrast media (LOCM) |
| An oral medication given to non-insulin-dependent diabetics to lower blood sugar; also available in combination with other drugs | metformin therapy |
| A contrast agent that is of a lower density than the surrounding structure, such as air or carbon dioxide | negative agents |
| Any condition of disease affecting the kidney; sometimes used synonymously with renal impairment | nephropathy |
| Oral contrast agents that have an HU similar to that of water. Because they posses a lower density than the surrounding bowel, may also be referred to as a negative contrast agent | neutral contrast agents |
| Property of intravascular contrast media that refers to the number of particles in solution per unit liquid as compared with blood | osmolality |
| Contrast agents that are of a higher density than the structure being imaged. Most contain barium or iodine | positive agents |
| Pretreatment, most often with steroids, to prevent reactions to contrast media | premedication |
| Side effects experienced to some degree by most patients to whom contrast is administered. These often mild effects include the feeling of heat, nausea, and mild flushing | subjective side effects |
| Lab test that measures creatinine level in the blood; it is a fast and inexpensive way to assess renal function | serum creatinine (SeCr) |
| The inability of the kidney to filter waste from the blood that can result in the accumulation of nitrogenous wastes (or azotemia) | renal failure |
| Renal function is abnormal but capable of sustaining essential bodily function | renal insufficiency |
| A severe, life-threatening condition resulting when thyroid hormone reaches a dangerously high level, also known as thyroid storm | thyroid toxicosis |
| Physical property that may be described as the thickness or friction of the fluid as it flows. It is important property that will influence the inject ability of intravascular agents through small-bore needles and intravenous catheters | viscosity |
| Unexplained reactions that are largely unpredictable, most often occurring within 1 hour of contrast medium administration, and are not related to the dose | idiosyncratic reactions |
Created by:
sspatel
Popular Radiology sets