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Stack #65012
Whaba - N/S Review - Sympathetic & Parasympathetic
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Parasympathetic Pre-ganglia Receptor | Nicotinic |
| Sympathetic Pre-ganglia Receptor | Nicotinic |
| Parasympathetic Post-Ganglia Receptor | Muscarinic |
| Sympathetic Post-Ganglia Receptor | Alpha, Beta, Dopaminergic and Muscarinic(Sweat Gland and blood vessels of skeletal muscle) |
| Alpha and Beta Receptor Activator | NE or Epi |
| Muscarinic Receptor Activator | ACh |
| Nm Activator | ACh |
| The cholinergic-muscarinic response affects: | Primarily para-sympathetic system (except for sweat glands and muscle blood vessels - sympathetic-cholinergic) |
| The cholinergic-andrenergic response: | Release of Epi (80%) and NE(20%) from adrenal medulla and NE from post ganglia |
| The sympathetic system does what to the heart? | Speed it up |
| The para-sympathetic system does what to the heart? | Slow it down |
| Cholinergic is mediated by: | ACh in parasympathetic system |
| Andrenergic is mediated by: | NE and Epi and ACh is some parts of sympathetic system |
| Cholinergic means what: | It work with, or is activated by ACh |
| Andrenergic means what: | It works with, or is activated by Epi or NE |
| What are the cholinergic receptors? | Nn, Nm, Muscarinic |
| Where is Nn located? | In the ganglia |
| Where is Nm located? | In the skeletal muscle |
| Where is Muscarinic located? | In the effector organ |
| What do the cholinergic receptors have in common? | All are activated by ACh |
| What are the andrenergic receptors? | Alpha 1 and 2, Beta 1 and 2, Dopaminergic |
| Where is alpha 1 located? | Blood vessels, eyes, glands, GI metabolic, ejaculation |
| Where is alpha 2 located? | Pre-synaptic, GI, CNS |
| Where is beta 1 located? | Heart, Kidney (Renin) |
| Where is beta 2 located? | muscle in lungs (Bronchodilation), metabolic, eye |
| Where is dopaminergic located? | CNS, Renal artery and mesenteric artery dilation. |
| List 3 things the sympathetic system does? | 1) Primarily regulates the cardiovascular system, 2) body temperature, 3) and initiates fight or flight reaction |
| Another word for andrenergic agonist? | Sympathomimetic |
| What are the two ways to drugs can work to activate andrenergic receptors? | Directly and indirectly |
| What does a direct andrenergic receptor activator do? | It binds directly to the andrenergic receptor |
| What does an indirect andrenergic activator do? | These drugs work directly on the chemical not on receptor site |
| What are the 3 ways indirect activator drugs do? | They activate by the following: 1) Inhibiting re-uptake, 2) Promote NE release, 3) Inhibit NE inactivation by blocking COMT and/or MAO |
| What do indirect andrenergic activator drugs require? | The require an intact sympathetic system |
| Do direct andernergic activator require an intact sympathetic system? | No, because they can bind directly to andrenergic receptors |
| Flomax is: | An alpha 1 antagonist, used for prostate hypertrophy (vasodilator) |
| Entacapone Tolcapone is: | COMT Inhibitors, used to increase levels of Dopamine |
| Alpha 1 does? | Does the follow: Vasoconstriction, male ejaculation, decrease secretion (insignificant) except for sweat glands, contracts sphincters, smooth muscle contraction (careful w/ pt with prostate problem), relaxes eye muscle = mydriasis increases IOP |
| Alpha 2 does? | Located in pre-synaptic junction, CNS, decreases release of NE (decreases BP) |
| Beta 1 | Increases Heart rate (chronotropic), Increases force of contraction (ionotropic) Increases velocity of conduction in AV node (dromotropic), Can trigger Renin release in kidney (RAS cascase) |
| Beta 2 Does: | Smooth muscle of: Bronchodilation, Uterine relaxation, Vaso-dilation(symp-cholinergic), Increases gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, triglyceride utilization increase |
| Dopaminergic Does: | Dilates renal and mesenteric blood vessels (D-1 & D-2) (These drugs also used for increased blood flow to kidney, used for cardiac shock) It is also dose dependant: Low dose (Dopaminergic) Medium Dose (Beta 1 and 2) High Dose (Alpha 1 & 2), CNS reward |
| Nn receptor does: | Promotes transmission in ganglia, promotes release of Epi in adrenal medulla |
| Nicotine does: | In low dose can activate both parasympathetic and sympathetic systems, causes muscle contraction |
| Nm does: | Skeletal muscle contraction |
| M1 does: | CNS |
| M2 does: | CNS – causes vagal affect in atria, SA Node myocardium = ↓ contractility, ↓ HR |
| M3 does what in eye: | Miosis, ↓ IOP |
| M3 does what in exocrine glands: | ↑ secretions |
| M3 does what in smooth muscle: | ↑ tone – of the GI tract, dangerous for COPD patients b/c of smooth muscle contraction in lungs |
| M3 does what in sphincters: | relaxation |
| M3 does what in BP: | endothelium of blood vessels = release of EDRF* = vasodilation = ↓ BP – in endothlium there is no parasymp innervation, but symp inervation: EDRF = endothelium-derived relaxing factor – through NO2 |
| M3 does what in Skeletal Muscle blood vessel: | vasodilation = ↑ perfusion of muscle |
| What receptors affects the heart? | Parasym: ↓ (M2) Symp: ↑ (β-1) |
| What receptors affect glands? | Parasym: ↑ (M3) Symp: ↓ (α-1) |
| What receptors affect the bladder and bowel? | Parasym: ↑ tone (M3) Symp: ↓ (α-1) |
| Which receptors affect vision? | Parasym: miosis (M3) Symp: Mydriasis (α-1) |
| Which receptors affect the Bronchial smooth muscle? | Parasymp: constricts (M3) Symp: Relax (β-2) |
| Which receptors affect metabolism? | Symp: )↑ glucose (β-2) |
| Which receptor affect triglyceride utilization (metabolism)? | Symp: β-2 |
| Whic h receptor affects lipolysis (metabolism)? | Symp: β-3 |
| What receptors affect male sexual function? | Parasymp: erection (M?) Symp: ejaculation-α1 |
Created by:
BlueEntity
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