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Ch. 57 Pharm
Drugs for Mens health and Reproductive Disorders
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Androgens | Drug family that is most associated with male reproductive processes. |
| Androgens affect | Sexual processes, accessory sexual organs, cellular metabolism, bone and muscle growth. |
| Testosterone | Principle male sex hormone synthesized in the testes. Anabolic steroid |
| Testosterone therapeutic effects | Achieve normal androgen levels and to slow progress of estrogen dependent breast cancers |
| Major indication for Androgen Therapy | Hypogonadism |
| Hypogonadism | Defect of the reproductive system that results in failure of the testes to produce androgen, sperm, or both |
| Deficiency in sex hormones | Results in defective primary or secondary sex development |
| Deficiency in sperm development | Results in infertility |
| Primary Hypogonadism | Reflects testicular abnormalities |
| Secondary Hypogonadism | Reflects hypothalamic and pituitary failure |
| Side Effects of Hypogonadism | Lack libido, testicular atrophy, decreased bone density, decreased muscle tone and hair growth |
| Growth Delay | Delay in bone growth from a deficiency of growth hormone and possible androgen deficiency |
| Oxandrolone | Used to treat delayed growth, and osteoporotic pain |
| Adverse Reactions of Androgen Therapy | Acne, masculinization, irregular menses, urinary urgency, hepatitis and respiratory distress |
| Contraindications of Androgen Therapy | Pregnancy, hypercalcemia, hepatic disfunction and prostate cancer |
| Anabolic Steroids | Increase protein synthesis in cells resulting in tissue buildup. Develop and maintain male characteristics. Increase body weight and muscular strength |
| Anabolic Steroids cause | Increase in weight gain and body size, increased acne and more aggressive mood changes |
| Risks of Long Term use of Anabolic Steroids | Increased LDL, decreased HDL, high blood pressure and liver damage |
| Two popular steroids | Hormone Chorionic Gonadotropin (HcG) and Tetrahydrogestrinone (ThG) |
| Hormone Chorionic Gonadotropin (HcG) | Treats infertility and stimulates testosterone production |
| Tetrahydrogestrinone (ThG) | Escapes urine detection. Not FDA approved |
| Antiandrogens | Block action or synthesis of androgens |
| Antiandrogen actions | Elevates GnRh levels, inhibits testosterone synthesis, blocks testosterone conversion and inhibits receptors |
| Finasteride | Inhibits conversion of testosterone. Treats benign prostatic hypertrophy and male pattern baldness |
| Sexual Dysfunction | Inability to expierence sexual desire, erection, ejaculation |
| Sexual Dysfunction results from | Androgen deficiency, affective disorder and discord in sexual relationship |
| Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors (PDE) | Facilitates erections by enhancing blood flow to penis |
| Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors (PDE) include | Viagra, levitra, cialis |
| Viagra | Prime treatment for erectile dysfunction |
| Cantharides (Spanish Fly) | Sexual stimulant |
| Cantharides (Spanish Fly) cause | Bladder and urethral irritation and possible permanent penile damage |
| Yohimbine | Alpha adrenergic antagonist that affects CNS and PNS. Has positive effect and improvement on erection. |
| Side effects of Yohimbine | Headache, hypertension, sweating, anxiety and sleeplessness |
| Benign Prostate Hyperplasia | enlargement of prostate that causes increased pressure on bladder and lower urinary tract symptoms |
Created by:
cdanella
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