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Phil3100 Exam 1
Phil3100
Question | Answer |
---|---|
God | Every possible culture has a concept of this. The sun is a symbol of this in many civilizations (Egypt, China, Mayans). |
Logos | Knowledge of ideals (perfection); originally meaning "word," "account," or "reason." |
Universe | -Typically reminded of night sky; means "one verse"/direction/way. -Not random; working towards a direction. -Macro Cosmos. -Plato: Created concept of Astrobiology (idea that all is alive); purpose of birth. |
Humans | Perhaps the most difficult, most infuriating concept: 1) Who am I? 2) Where did I come from? 3) Where am I going? -Micro Cosmos (universe within ourselves) -Socrates: "Know yourself, and you will get to know the stars, universe, and the gods." |
Information | -Organizing information becomes knowledge. -Knowledge (accruement of info) v. wisdom (intuition): Applicable to life, what is right, what is worth applying, when to apply knowledge. |
Moral | Practice (Roman/Latin: "mores") |
Ethics | Institution of behavior (to be fair); Greek "ethos" -Theory: What we are SUPPOSED to do. |
Temporal | Trends, circumstantial -A norm made by humans -What appeals to your preferences |
Nontemporal | Do not depend on time - values -Ethics -Love (example) -Intrinsic, and so we forget that values are always there |
Hierarchy of values | Nonvirtuous ->->->->-> Virtuous |
Seven Full Constitutions of Humans | Human Essence: Material 1) Physical body 2) Vital energy 3) Emotional 4) Mind Human Essence: Spiritual 5) The Pure Mind 6) Intuition 7) Will |
Vital Energy | (Western term): Lowest level of (required) energy. |
Emotional | Dreams are an emotional part; rapidly changing, high level activity. |
Mind | Constantly evolving, thoughts constantly change. |
Four Ancient (symbolic) Elements | 1) Water (life) 2) Wind, or air (emotions) 3) Fire (symbol of mind) 4) Earth (physical body) |
The Pure Mind | Allows us to see in other perspectives. |
Intuition | Direct knowledge; to be a good person is NECESSARY (feeling, vocation). |
Will | Strongest force in the universe; "anything is possible with this." |
Baghauad Gita | Known as the book of "right" action: 1) Kuravas 2) Pandava 3) Arjuna 4) City of Hastinapura 5) Krishna |
Kuravas | Represent the flaws that we have as humans. |
Pandava | Human virtues; everything that is right with us. |
Arjuna | Represents the battle between our defects (flaws) and virtues; disciple of humanity. |
City of Hastinapura (Elephant) | Symbolic of the spiritual world, symbolic of wisdom. |
Krishna | The inner teacher. |
Right action | Done because of duty without expecting a reward (taught by the Baghauad Gita). |
"Non-right" action | 1) Selfish action 2) Inaction |
Dharma | Law: There is a direction towards everything that is happening (NOT random) -Right action |
Karma | Action: Law of action or reaction. -Learned by pain (often) |
Three types of Karma | 1) Personal 2) Collective 3) Individual: Related to the spirit -Reincarnation (continuous attempts at life to become the best being possible) |
Sermon at Benares | Meditating before Sermon: 1) Just Middle Path After meditation: 2) Four Noble Truths and 3) Noble Eightfold Path -False idea of separation -Find the "just middle path" to overcome extremes -When you overcome |
Four Noble Truths | (Regarding pain) 1) Existence of pain 2) Cause of pain 3) Elimination of pain 4) Noble Eightfold Path |
Noble Eightfold Path | Presence of pain = Lack of one of the following: 1) Right belief 2) Right intent 3) Right speech 4) Right behavior 5) Right livelihood 6) Right effort 7) Right contemplation (meditation) 8) Right concentration (results from following Eightfold Path) |
Water | Life |
Wind, or air | Emotions |
Fire | Mind |
Earth | Physical body |
1st Noble Truth | Existence of pain: Suffering & learning (Pain makes us aware of our suffering - old age, illness, and death). |
2nd Noble Truth | Cause of pain: Pain is a reaction of an action and desires cause suffering (disappointment). |
3rd Noble Truth | Elimination of pain |
4th Noble Truth | Noble Eightfold path |
The Ju Man | Ethics – individual (virtuous) |
The Li Order | Politics – society (rational social order) |
Buddha | Siddartha Gautama; Awake and Enlightened |
Just MIddle Path | Taught by Buddha to avoid extremes (a life neither luxurious nor too austere). |
Confucius' archetype | Justice |
1st Step (of 7 Step Ladder) -> | Will |
2nd Step (of 7 Step Ladder) -> | Intuition |
3rd Step (of 7 Step Ladder) -> | Pure mind |
4th Step (of 7 Step Ladder) -> | Mind |
5th Step (of 7 Step Ladder) -> | Emotions |
6th Step (of 7 Step Ladder) -> | Energy |
7th Step (of 7 Step Ladder) -> | Body |
Confucius' Philosophy | Ethics (applied to individual) -> Politics (applied to society) |
1st Constitution of Humans | Physical body (Human essence: material) |
2nd Constitution of Humans | Vital Energy (Human essence: material) |
3rd Constitution of Humans | Emotional (Human essence: material) |
4th Constitution of Humans | Mind (Human essence: material) |
1st of Eightfold Path | Right belief |
2nd of Eightfold Path | Right intent |
3rd of Eightfold Path | Right speech |
4th of Eightfold Path | Right behavior |
5th of Eightfold Path | Right livelihood |
6th of Eightfold Path | Right effort |
7th of Eightfold Path | Right contemplation |
8th of Eightfold Path | Right concentration |
Confucism | 1) NOT a religion 2) Way of living by virtue 3) Archetype = Justice |
Passage from Baghauad Gita | Mahabharata (literally translated as Big Battle) |
Human Essences | Eastern Philosophy states that humans are made of 7 parts: 1) Material: 4 parts 2) Spiritual: 3 parts |
5th Constitution of Humans | The Pure Mind (Human essence: spiritual) |
6th Constitution of Humans | Intuition, or direct knowledge (Human essence: spiritual) |
7th Constitution of Humans | Will (Human essence: spiritual) |