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Final Phase exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ____ is the art and science of beautifying and improving the skin, nails, and hair | cosmetology |
| ____ is the study of cosmetics and their applications | cosmetology |
| who were the first to cultivate beauty in an "extravagant" way, using cosmetics for beautification in religious ceremonies, and when preparing the deceased for burial" | egyptians |
| in rome, wat color did the following class of women tint their hair? * Noblewomen= *Middle class women= *poor women= | 1. red 2. blonde 3. black |
| during the middle ages, women wore colored makeup on their ____ and ____, but not on their____ | cheeks and lips but not on their eyes |
| ____ represents the staff that patients would hold onto in order for the veins of their arms to stand out during blood letting | the barber pole |
| ____ is based on inner strength and begins with trusting your ability to reach your goals | self esteem |
| ___ thoughts are not positive and can work against you | self critical |
| ___ is a skill that helps manage your own life, and help you learn well | self management |
| honesty, courtesy, and descretion are all moral principles called ____ by which we live and work | ethical considerations |
| diplomacy, tone of voice, emotional stability, sensitivity, values and goals, receptivity, and communication skills arethe 7 traits of a healthy, well developed ____ | attitude |
| ____ is the daily maintenance of cleanliness by practicing good sanitary habits | personal hygiene |
| you should always be guided by your salon when it comes to dress code. choose clothing that is functional and stylish. accessorize your outfits, and choose clothing that is clean, ____ and ____ | fresh, and functional and stylish and instep with fashion |
| promoting a professional image, and accentuating good features while masking less flattering ones is an important thing to keep in mind when dealing with ____ | makeup |
| to a large degree, your physical presentation is made up of your posture and walk, and it should conveyan image of ____ | confidence |
| ____ is the science dealing with designing and arranging things people use so that they're used safely and efficiently | ergonomics |
| ____ is listening to the client and then repeating, in your own words, what you think the client is telling you. | reflective listening |
| ___ is a strategy used in cosmotology | reflective listening |
| how much time should be allowed for a first time guest's consultation | 10-15 minutes |
| if a guest is unhappy with their service and you are trying to find out why, what is one of the first steps you should take? | ask for specifics and break down the service piece by piece until you determine exactally what's wrong |
| what is important when dealing with conflicts that may occur between you and your coworkers? | remain neutral |
| what are the 6 guidelines to keep in mind when interacting and communicating with your salon manager? | 1. be a problem solver 2. get your facts straight 3. be open and honest 4. don't gossip or complain about collegues 5. check your attitude 6. be open to constructive criticism |
| the 2 categories that bacteria can be classified into are ___ and ____ | pathogenics, and nonpathogenics |
| ____ bacteria is not harmful. it doesnt cause disease | nonpathogenic |
| bacteria are ___ celled organisms that have both ____ and ___ characteristics | one-celled; plant and animal characteristics |
| ____ is the most common human bacteria. | staphylococci |
| ____ are microorganisms that can invade plants and animals... including bacteria | viruses |
| a skin lesion is an example of a ____ | general infection |
| the ability to fight off or resist infections and disease and to be able to destroy bacteria that has entered the body is known as ____ | immunity |
| ____ is immunity that the body develops after overcomming a disease , or through inocculation (ex. vacine) | aquired immunity |
| ____ is the removal of pathogens and other substances from tools and surfaces; helps prevent spread of bacteria | decomtamination |
| nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane are the 3 parts of a ____ | cell |
| the process by which cells reproduce by dividing into 2 identical cells is called ____ | mitosis |
| ____ is a chemical process that takes place in living organisms where cells are nourished and carry out their activities | metabolism |
| during ____ energy can be stored by special molecules and used for muscle contractions, secretion, and heat production | catabolism |
| ____ is the protective covering on the body surfaces. skins, mucus membrane, and the lining of the heart, digestive, etc. | epithelial tissue |
| what bone forms the forehead | frontal bone |
| ____ is the lower jawbone; its the largest and strongest bone of the face | mandible |
| the 3 parts of a muscle are ___, ____, and ____ | origin, insertion, and belly |
| the muscles that are involved in bending the wrist are called ____ | flexors |
| ____ is the outermost layer of the skin. its also called the cuticle. it's the thinnest of the skin and forms a protective covering for the body | epidermis |
| ___ is the layer of skin that is composed of different shaped cells and contains dark skin pigment | stratum germinativum |
| the papillary (superficial layer)and the reticular (deeper layer) are the 2 layers tha make up ____ | dermis |
| what part of the body had the most nerve endings | the fingertips |
| as we age, elastin fibers naturally weaken, causeing a loss of ____ | elasticity (or skin sagging) |
| what are the 6 main functions of the skin? | 1. protection 2. sensation 3. heat regulation 4. excretion 5. secretion 6. absorption |
| the technical term for the nail is ____ | onyx |
| ____ is the most visible and functional part of the nail module. it's the hardened keratin plate that sits on and slides across the nail bed. | nail plate |
| the average rate of growth of fingernails in adults is ____ | 1/10th an inch (3/7 mm) per month |
| ____ is the folds of normal skin that surrounds the nail plate. the folds form the nail grooves | nail folds |
| approximately how many layers of nail cells make up the nail? | 100 |
| water content of the nail is between ___ and ___ percent | 15%-25% |
| the 2 main parts that full grown human hair is divided into are ___ and ___ | hair root and hair shaft |
| ____ is the lowest area or part of the hair strand. it's the thickened, club shaped structure that forms the lower part of the hair root | bulb |
| ___ are tiny grains of pigment in the cortex that give natural color to the hair | melanin |
| hair is composed of cells arranged in 3 layers. these 3 layers are the ___, ___, and ___ | cuticle, cortex, and medulla |
| the 3 phases that all hair follicles go through are ___, ___, and ___ | anagen, catagen, and telogen |
| the ability of hair to absorb moisture is called ____ | hair porosity |
| ____ is the ability of the hair to stretch and return to its original length without breaking | elasticity |
| ____ is the shape of the hair strand, and it's described as straight, wavy, curly, or ectremely curly | wave pattern |
| the technical term for gray hair is ____ | canities |
| the technical term for split ends is ___ | trichoptilosis |
| if a product has a pH of 8.9, what would it be considered | alkaline |
| how many natural occuring elements with their own dintinctive physical and chemical properties exist? | 90 |
| what is the technical term for (or chemical term) for table salt? | sodium chloride (NaCl) |
| ____ are liquids that are mutually soluble; they can be mixed into stable solutions... it mixes easily | miscible |
| ___ means that it dissolves a substance | solvent |
| the branch of chemistry that deals with products that do not contain carbon is called ___ | inorganic chemistry |
| ___ is the unit of measurment that meausres the pressure or force that pushes the flow of electrons forward through a conductor | volt |
| the term used for measuring the resistance of an electric current is an ___ | ohm |
| ___ measures how much electric energy is being used in one second | watts |
| a nonconductor or an ____ is a substance that does not easily transmit electricity | insulator |
| ____ forces acidic substances into deeper tissues using galvanic current from the positive to the negative pole | anaphoresis |
| you would not use ___ on a guest if they were/had pregnant, epileptic, asthmatic, high blood pressure, sinus blockage, pace maker, metal implants, or excessive teeth fillings | telsa high requency current |
| visible light makes up what percent of natural sunlight | 35% |
| which type of lines will soften a design | curved lines |
| ___ are an example of styling hair using parallel lines | fingerwaves |
| color can help define ___ and line | texture |
| ___ colors recede or move in toward the head. the create illusion of less colume in the simension of color | dark colors |
| light or warm colors create the illusion of ___ | volume |
| you can draw a line in a hairstyle in the direction you want the eye to travel toward by using what? | light colors |
| using too many pattern combinations together could create a look that is ___ | very busy |
| what are the 5 important principles for a hair desing? | 1.proportion 2.balance 3. rhythm 4. emphasis 5. harmony |
| what is considered the "ideal" face shape? | oval |
| what is considered to be the universal solvent? | water |
| ___ is often in well water and contains minerals that reduce the ability of soap and shampoo to lather readily | hard water |
| what is the main ingredient in all shampoos? | water |
| the ___ end of a surfactant molecule is considered to be water atractting | hydrophillic |
| when brushing the hair prior to shampoo, how should you brush the hair? | rotate the brush by turning your wrist slightly |
| when giving a massage, the length of the fingers, the cushions of the palms, and the ____ are used | fingertips |
| to create a good haircut, you must begin with the understanding of ____ | head form (the shape of the head) |
| ____ refers to how tightly the hair is pulled when cutting the hair | tension |
| why are even amounts of moisture throughout the hair important when cutting? | 1.dry hair responds to cutting differently then wet hair 2. may give you uneven results in the finished hair cut if moisture is not even |
| the impliments used to create very short tapers quickly are called ___ | clippers |
| ___ occurs when you lift a subsection of hair above 0 degrees | elevation |
| ___ is a stationary or nonmoving foundation of a pincurl which is the area closest to the scalp; the panel of hair on which a roller is placed | base |
| a section of hair that you mold into a circular movement in preparation for the formation of curls is called ___ | shaping |
| what type of curls are used to create a wave behind a ridge | ridge curls |
| ____ is a base position that gives full volume.the curls are rolled and directed 45 degrees away from you | on base |
| wat should combs for thermal curling be made of | hard rubber or nonflammable combs |
| hair is considered ___ or ___ when there are no chemicals or dyes in the hair | natural or virgin |
| what face shape are most braided styles appropriate for | oval |
| how can you minimize the width of the forehead when working on a guest with an inverted triangle face shape | style with partial bangs (fringe), and/or braids that frame the face. it will add fullness aroudn the chin |
| ____ dries the hair without disturbing the finished look and without dehydrating the hair | diffuser |
| ____ is manufactured synthetic fiber of excellent quality. the texture is extremely curly andcomes in a varietyof colors | kanekalon |
| blow drying the hair softens it, makes it more managable, loosens it, and elongates the wave pattern while ___ the hair shaft length | stretching |
| ____ are natural textured hair that is intertwined and meshed together to form a single or seperate network of hair. No chemicals are used | dreadlocks |
| when ___ hair is burned, it burns slowly and gives off a distinctive odor | human hair |
| when ___ hair is burned, it burns very quickly and gives off no odor | synthetic hair |
| before taking ____ it is necessary to brush hair down smoothly and pin it as flatly and tightly as possible to the scalp | measurments for a wig |
| what are the most expensive wigs made of | human hair |
| for a temporary toupee it is attatched with ___ and ___ | tape or clips |
| for a semi permanent toupee it is attatched with ___,___, ___, or ___ | weaving, tracks, adhesive, or sewing |
| what is the main active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline perms? | ammoniumm thyoglcolate (ATG) |
| ____ perms are activated by an outside heat source, usually a hairdryer (hood type) | endothermic |
| he chemical action of ____ breaks the ___ bonds and softens the hair | thio relaxers ; disulfide |
| the straight set wrap is also call what? | basic perm |
| what technique uses zigzag partings to divide base areas | weave technique |
| ____ wrap is when you place 1 end wrap on top of the hair strand, and holding it flat | single flat wrap |
| the process of permanently rearranging the basic structure of overly curly hair into a straight for is called ___ | chemical hair relaxing |
| what stops the action of any chemical relaxer that may remain in the hair after rinsing? | neutalizer |
| compensation with base pay and a percentage of sales is called ___ | salary-plus-commission |
| what can result by increasing your service prices | increase your income |
| ____ is when you schedule a guest for a future service before he/she leaves the salon form the service they are recieving that day | rebooking |
| when should local authorities be contacted and asked questions about local sales taxes | prior to opening a business |
| when opening your own salon, what will ensure that all clients and associates are beign treated fairly and consitently through the use of the policies | implements and salon policies |
| ____ is inventory that is used in the daily business operations | consumption supplies |
| the best form of advertising is through a ___ | satisfied guest |
| during a relaxer, ___ is applied tot he scalp last because processing is accelerated by body heat near the scalp | relaxer cream |
| when using the comb method, how is the relaxer cream applied | with the back of the comb |
| thio and __ are the most commonly used methods od hair relaxing | sodium hydroxide |
| ____ is a system for understanding color. when combining colors, you'll get the same results from the same combinations | law of color |
| colors with predominance of ___ are considered to be cool tones | blue |
| colors with predominance of __ or __ are considered warm tones | red or yellow |
| __ refers to the strength of a color tone | intensity |
| ____ is used to open the cuticle of the hair fiber so that the tint/color can penitrate it | alkalizing ingredients: amonia or amonia substitute |
| ____ is a technique of coloring strands of hair darker than the natural color | lowlighting |
| a ___ is a non-amonia color that adds shine and tone to the hair | glaze |
| a ____ tells you how hair will react to color and indicates processing time | preliminary strand test |
| the free form technique of hair painting is also called ___ | baliage |
| as weage, elastin fibers naturally weaken, causing the ___ and ___ of tissue | wrinkles and sagging |
| ___ is a spot or discoloration on the skin such as freckles. they are neither raised nor sunken | macule |
| ___ is a skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping | excoriation |
| the technical term for excessive perspiration is ___ | hyperhidrosis |
| ___ is the technical term for a wart | verruca |
| ___ is the most serious form of skin cancer. characterized by black or dark brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture, jagged or raised | malignant melanoma |
| the american cancer society reccomends using the ABCDE cancer checklist to help make skin cancer easier to recognize... hwat do the letters stand for | A- asymmetry B- Border C- color D- diameter E- evolving |
| what is the technical term for an unusal amount of hair on parts of the body normally bearing downy hair | hirsuties |
| ___, ___, ___, and ___ are all types of information you should get from your guest when doing a consultation for hair removal service | medications (topical or oral), skin disorders, allergies, and sensitives |
| ____ is the use of intense light to destroy the growth cells of the hair follicles | photo epilation |
| in laser hair removal, a laser beam is pulsed on the skin, impairing the ___ | follicle |
| hat 4 things should you never apply wax over? | 1. warts 2. moles 3. abrasions 4. inflamed skin |
| ____ a condition that the client has, or treatment the client is undergoing that may cause side effects during facial treatment | contraindication |
| a product that is designed to lower the pH of the skin after cleansing, and to help remove excess cleaning milk is ____ | toner |
| ___ is a mechanical exfoliation. it's a scrub product that has small crystals to remove dead cell build up on the surface | microdermabrasion |
| all facial treatments should begin with what step? | consultation |
| name the skin type: pores arevery small or are not visible | dry skin |
| name the skin type: even pore distribution throughout the skin (soft smooth surface and lack of wrinkles) | normal skin |
| name the skin type: obvious and large pores | oily skin |
| name the skin type: obvious pores in some places, and smaller pores in other places on the face | combination skin |
| ____ is shading a specific area... light brings out and dark brings in | shadowing |
| accentuating an area when applying makeup is known as ___ | highlighting or contouring |
| ___ is heavy makeup used for theatrical purposes | grease paint |
| color is very important for makeup services. list primary and secondary colors | primary= red, yellow, blue secondary= orange, violet, green |
| ____ colors are dominated by blues, greens, violets, and blue-reds, while ___ colors are dominated by reds, oranges, and yellows | cool; warm |
| ___ means bitten nail. it is safe to work on a guest with this condition | bitten nail |
| bruised nails may be a sign of ____ | blood clot under the nail |
| ____ is one of the several common bacteria that can cause infection... it's whent he nail tips and wraps are applied under unsanitary conditions | pseudomonas aerugmosa |
| ___ is the technical term for the lifting of the nail | onycholysis |
| a lump of red tissue that grows from the nail bed to the nail plate and causes nail inflammation is called ____ | pyogenic granuloma |
| when doing a nail service, you use equiptment which is also called ___ | permanent tools |
| disposable implements for a nail service would include ___ | wooden pushers |
| the reccomended treatment for brittle nails is ___ | conditioning oil manicure |
| using ___ to shorten nail length will shorten filing time if the client has a nail plate that is extending past the free edge | nail clippers |
| when is base coat applied during a manicure service? | over and after nail polish is applied |
| how frequently should a guest recieve a pedicure to ensure healthy feet | monthly |
| advising a guest is important to complete during what part of the pedicure service | during post service procedure |
| how often should a foot spa be disinfected? | after every service, and at the end of the working day |
| when disinfecting a foot spa, ___% of bleach solution should be used | 5 |
| another name for the ___ that is fully plumbed with a basin chair and footrest in a throne | ultimate foor bath |
| a ___ is an artificial nail made of ABS , and its adhered to natural nail for length | nail tip |
| the nail tip should cover no more than how much of the natural nail | 1/3 |
| how should you remove a softened nail tip | sliding them off |
| damage to the natural nail can be reduced when applying nail tips by ____ the nail tip | pre-blending |
| no light gels are hardened by applying a small amount of ____ on top of the enhancment | activator |
| ___ are nail enhancments created by combing monomer liquid andplymer powder | acrylics |
| the ___ in acrylic nail enhancements represents the liquid | monomer |
| ____ is a chemical reaction that creates plymers; also called curing or hardening | polymerization |
| using the wrong ___ with your chosen liquid could result in nails that are not properly cured | powder |
| if too little powder is used,the nail enhancment can become ___ | weaker |
| ____ are the steps that make UV gel nail enhancements different from others... UV light is required to harden the nail tip | curing |
| ____ is designed to specifically improve adhesion of UV gels to the natural nail plate | UV gel primer |
| UV gel enhancements can be removed by reducing thickness with a medium to coarse abrasive, soaking in ___ or product remover, or by gently scraping with a ___ | acetone ; wooden pusher |
| what is one way to determine what type of market a salon will serve | watch an examine the salon's advertising |
| how many pages should your resume be? | one page if possible |
| what type of topics are illegal to ask about on an employment application? | questions about race, religion, or natural origin |
Created by:
coris20
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