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mod18-US
US
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ultrasound is a common | deep heating agent that transfers heat through conversion, |
| elevates tissue temperature to depths up to | five centimeters, and uses inaudible acoustic mechanical vibrations of high frequency to produce thermal and nonthermal effects. |
| The main therapeutic effects of ultrasound include | enhanced soft tissue healing, decreased inflammatory response, and decreased pain. |
| Thermal effects: | Increase extensibility of collagen structures |
| Thermal effects: | Decrease joint stiffness |
| Thermal effects: | Pain relief |
| Thermal effects: | Increase blood flow |
| Thermal effects: | Decrease muscle spasm |
| Nonthermal effects: | Stimulation of tissue regeneration |
| Nonthermal effects: | Increase macrophage responsiveness |
| Nonthermal effects: | Pain relief |
| Nonthermal effects: | Soft tissue repair |
| Nonthermal effects: | Increase blood flow |
| Nonthermal effects: | Increase skin and cell membrane permeability |
| Indications | Soft tissue repair |
| Indications | Contracture |
| Indications | Bone fracture |
| Indications | Trigger point |
| Indications | Dermal ulcer |
| Indications | Scar tissue |
| Indications | Pain |
| Indications | Plantar wart |
| Indications | Muscle spasm |
| Contraindications | Over eyes |
| Contraindications | Over pregnant uterus |
| Contraindications | Over cemented prosthetic joint |
| Contraindications | Impaired circulation |
| Contraindications | Thrombophlebitis |
| Contraindications | Impaired pain or temperature sensory deficits |
| Contraindications | Over heart |
| Contraindications | Over testes |
| Contraindications | Over epiphyseal areas in children |
| Contraindications | Infection |
| Contraindications | Over malignancy |
| Ultrasound can be administered using | a pulsed or continuous mode. |
| Continuous mode ultrasound is more effective in elevating tissue temperature | where pulsed mode ultrasound conversely minimizes the thermal effects. |
| Duty cycle indicates the portion of treatment time that ultrasound is | generated during the entire treatment. |
| continuous ultrasound generates constant ultrasound waves that correlates to a | 100% duty cycle and produces thermal effects at a higher intensity and nonthermal effects at a lower intensity. |
| Pulsed ultrasound that generates ultrasound 20% of the treatment time correlates to a | 20% duty cycle and will produce nonthermal effects. |
| A frequency setting of 1 MHz is used for | heating of deeper tissues (up to five centimeters) |
| a setting of 3 MHz produces a | higher temperature with a depth of penetration of less than two centimeters. |
| Apply the coupling medium to the treatment area or | place the area to be treated under water if using the immersion technique. |
| Place the transducer on the treatment area or | one half inch parallel to the treatment area under water and then turn on the machine. |
| During the moving technique the transducer should | continuously move in a small circular pattern over the treatment area. |
| Maintain contact with the skin and | stay within the treatment area. |
| An area two to three times the size of the transducer | typically requires a duration of five minutes of treatment. |
| Intensity for continuous ultrasound is normally set between | .5 to 2 W/cm2 for thermal effects. |
| Pulsed ultrasound is normally set between | .5 to .75 W/cm2 with a 20% duty cycle for nonthermal effects. |
Created by:
micah10
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