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Merrills Ch10 Chest
Test Question
Question | Answer |
---|---|
• The thoracic viscera consists of | lungs and mediastinum |
• The area between the two lungs is called | the mediastinum |
• the respiratory system proper consists of | larynx, trachea and bronchi, and both lungs |
• where does the trachea lie in relation to the esophagus | anterior |
• Name of hook like process on lateral tracheal cartilage | carina |
• After entering the hilum each primary bronchus divides, how many primary branches are in the right lung | 3 |
• The lungs are composed of an elastic substance called | parenchyma |
• The right lung is __ in shorter than the left | 1 |
• Name of double walled serous sac that encloses the lung | pleura |
• tongue shaped process on left lung | lingula |
• area in figure above is hilum | (know that pic) |
• part of mediastinum | heart and esophagus (not lungs) |
• Which is not included in mediastinum | larynx and diaphragm |
• Where is the esophagus in relation to the trachea | behind |
• Which best describes the position of the thymus gland | behind manubrium |
• Optimal position of patient for heart and lung exams | upright |
• Why is left lateral chest most commonly used | heart closer to IR |
• Presence of gas or air in pleural cavity | pneumothroax |
• Which radiographs re taken on a patient with small amount of free air in plural cavity | AP full inspiration and AP full expiration |
• Which techniques is needed to penetrate thoracic anatomy | high KVP |
• Advantages of using 72" SID for chest | Decrease magnification of heart, shaper outlines of lung structures (ONLY) |
• Where are hand s placed for PA chest | back of hands on hips |
• CR angle for PA chest | perpendicular |
• Optimal respiration for PA or lateral chest | full inspiration on second breath |
• How many ribs visible above diaphragm on PA chest | 10 ribs |
• Which plane is parallel on lateral chest | midsagital |
• How many degrees of body rotation are required for a routine AP or PA oblique chest | 45 degrees |
• Where is top of IR for PA lungs | 1.5 - 2 in above vertebral prominence |
• When patient is properly positioned for PA oblique chest, the CR will enter the body where | midway between the lateral surface of the elevated side and the spine |
• For AP oblique projections of the chest, the side of interest is generally the side | closest to the IR |
• The AP oblique RPO of the chest shows the same images as the | PA oblique LAO |
• Recommended SID for supine chest | 72" |
• What will be observed on a supine AP chest | lung fields projected shorter and clavicles projected higher (ONLY) |
• CR angle for limbolm method for pulmonary apices | 0 degrees |
• Linbolm is used to show | pulmonary apices |
• How far should patient stand from grid before leaning back for lordotic position | 1ft |
• Resp for AP axial pulmonary apices | inspiration |
• If patient cannot be placed in lordotic for pulmonary apices what can the CR be angled to project clavicles above apices | 15-20 degrees cephalad |
• How long should the patient remain in position before making exposure in lateral or dorsal decubitus position | 5 min |
• If lateral decub is used to show fluid which side must patient lie on | affected |
• If lat decub is used to show free air which side should they lie on | unaffected side |
• The positions used for decubitus are | Lateral and AP/PA (ONLY) |
• position FOR LATERAL DORSAL DECUB | SUPINE |
• Which side of patients chest is against IR for ventral or dorsal decub | affected |
• Respiration for AP or lateral in decubitus | full inspiration |
• Which are required for decubitus radiographs | recumbent and horizontal beam (ONLY) |
• What must be included on decubitus projections | entire lung field, patients arms not visible, ID for which decubitus |
• Thoracic cavity contains which | heart, thymus glands and inferior esophagus (ALL) |
• Costophrenic angel is part of the | lungs |
• O2 and CO2 are exchanged via diffusion within | alveoli |
• Smallest subdivision of bronchiole tree is | terminal bronchiole |
• Space between two pleural walls is the | pleural cavity |
• Each lung is divided into segments called | lobes |
• Recommended SID for PA chest | 72" |
• Which is clearly shown on AP or PA oblique of lungs | lungs in entirety, trachea filled with air (ONLY) |
• Where is top of IR for AP oblique lungs | 1.5 - 2 in above vertebral prominens or 5 in above jugular notch |
• How far above the shoulders should IR be for any decub of chest | 1.5 - 2 in above shoulders |
• Chronic condition with persistent obstruction of bronchiole airflow | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
• Fluid in the pleural cavity | pleural effusion |
• Aspiration of a foreign particle in lung is | aspiration lung |