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other systems 10
Metabolic System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| metabolic system | governs the chemical and physical changes that take place within the body that enable it to continue to grow and function. |
| Metabolism involves the | breakdown of complex organic compounds within the body in order to generate energy for all bodily processes. |
| Metabolism generates energy for | the synthesis of complex substances that form the tissues and organs. |
| During metabolism, | organic compounds are broken down to provide heat and energy in the process called catabolism. |
| Simple molecules are also used to | build more complex compounds like proteins for growth and repair of tissues as part of anabolism. |
| Many metabolic processes | are facilitated by enzymes. |
| The overall speed at which an organism carries out its metabolic processes | is termed its metabolic rate (or when the organism is at rest, its basal metabolic rate). |
| DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid): | A double helix molecule that contains the genes that provide the blueprint for all of the structures and functions of a living being. |
| Gene: | a fundamental unit of heredity |
| Metabolism: | The physical and chemical processes of cells burning food to produce and use energy. Examples include digestion, elimination of waste, breathing, thermoregulation, muscular contraction, brain function, and circulation. |
| Mitochondria: | The part of the cell that is responsible for energy production. The mitochondria are also responsible for converting nutrients into energy and other specialized tasks. |
| Osteomalacia: | softening of the bones |
| Osteopenia: | low bone mass; deprivation of bone |
| Osteopetrosis: | increased bone density |
| Osteoporosis: | decreased bone density |
| pH: | A measure of the hydrogen ion concentration in body fluid. |