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Merrills Ch 10 pt 1
Thoracic Viscera- pt 1 of 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| general shape of the human body | body habitus |
| number of types of body habitus | 4 |
| organ that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity | diaphragm |
| The ________ ______ is bounded by the walls of the ______ and extends from the superior ________ aperture to the inferior ________ aperture. | thoracic cavity; thorax; thoracic; thoracic |
| The thoracic cavity contains the _____ and _____; organs of the ___________, cardiovascular & lymphatic systems; the ________ portion of the esophagus; and the thymus _____. | lungs; heart; respiratory; inferior; gland |
| number of chambers within the thoracic cavity | 3 |
| The ___________ separates the right and left pleural cavities. | mediastinum |
| shiny, slippery & delicate lining of thoracic cavity chambers | serous membranes |
| Chambers within thoracic cavity: ___________ cavity, right and left _______ cavities. | pericardial; pleural |
| The respiratory system consists of the pharynx, _______, bronchi, and 2 _____. | trachea; lungs |
| a fibrous, muscular tube with 16-20 C-shaped cartilaginous rings; located anterior to the esophagus | trachea |
| superior level of trachea | C6 |
| inferior level of trachea | T4- T5 |
| hooklike process where the trachea bifurcates into the primary bronchi | carina |
| 1 bronchi | bronchus |
| the primary bronchus that is shorter, wider & more vertical | right primary bronchus |
| refers to the extensive branching of the trachea | bronchial tree |
| number of secondary bronchi in right lung | 3 |
| number of secondary bronchi in left lung | 2 |
| bifurcation of secondary bronchi | tertiary bronchi |
| bifurcation of tertiary bronchi | bronchioles |
| final bifurcation trachea; minute tubes | terminal bronchioles |
| located at distal terminal bronchioles | alveolar ducts |
| located at end of alveolar ducts | alveolar sacs |
| lining of walls of alveolar sacs | alveoli |
| exchanged by diffusion within alveoli | oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| a light, spongy, highly elastic substance that composes the lungs | parenchyma |
| organs of respiration | lungs |
| composes external layer or covering of lungs | serous membrane |
| superior lung; reaches above the level of the clavicles into the root of the neck | apex |
| inferior lung; broad; borders with diaphragm | base |
| the shorter lung; due to location of liver | right |
| the broader lung; due to position of heart | right |
| deep recesses of the parietal pleura | costophrenic angle |
| depression in mediastinal surface that accommodates the bronchi, pulmonary blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves | hilum |
| concavity of left lung along inferior mediastinum that conforms to the shape of the heart | cardiac notch |
| double-walled, serous membrane sac that encloses each lung | pleura |
| outer layer of pleural sac | parietal pleura |
| inner layer of pleural sac | visceral pleura |
| the space between the pleural walls | pleural cavity |
| Function of serous fluid | prevents friction between lungs during respiration |
| divide each lung into lobes | fissures |
| number of lobes in left lung | 2 |
| number of lobes in right lung | 3 |
| lung without a horizontal fissure or middle lobe | left lung |
| portion of the left lung that corresponds in position to the right middle lobe; a tongue-shaped process on the anteromedial border of the left lung that fills the space between the chest wall and the heart | lingula |
| upper and anterior lobes | superior lobes |
| division of the lobes of the lungs | bronchopulmonary segments |
| subdivision, or further division of lobes of the lungs; the anatomic unit of lung structure; consists of a terminal bronchiole with its expanded alveolar duct and alveolar sac | primary lobules |
| the part of the digestive canal that connects the pharynx with the stomach | esophagus |
| primary control organ of the lymphatic system | thymus gland |
| hormone produced by the thymus gland | thymosin |
| When the ______ is enlarged in infants and young children, it can cause respiratory disturbances. | thymus |
| preferred position for ♡ & lung radiography | upright |
| gas or air in the pleural cavity | pneumothorax |
| absence of air | atelectasis |
| Reasons for inspiration & expiration radiographs: | demonstrate pneumothorax, movement of diaphragm, foreign body, and atelectasis |
| most common projection; used in all ♡ & lung exams | PA chest |
| SID used to minimize ♡ magnification & to obtain ↑ recorded detail of the lung | 72" (183 cm) |
Created by:
GWCCRad12
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