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BRCTC Pharm Ch 11-12
Terms, Drugs, and nursing considerations from Ch 11-12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acute Pain | Pain - sudden onset, typically over less than 6 wks, and typically subsides when treated |
| Addiction / Psychologic Dependance | Chronic, compulsive neurobiological disease incluenced by genetics, psychosocial, and enviromental factors |
| Adjuvant analgesic drugs | an added second drug for combined therapy; may have additive or independant analgesic properties, or both |
| Agonist | binds to a receptor and causes a response |
| Agonist-antagonists | bind to a receptor and causes a partial response; not as strong as an agonits (also knon as partial agonist) |
| Analgesic ceiling effect | when a given pain drug no longer controls the pt pain regarless of higher dosage |
| Analgesic | pain relife with out LOC |
| Antagonist | binds to a receptor and blocks a response |
| breakthrough pain | pain that occurs between doses of pain meds |
| Cancer Pain | pain related to cancer |
| Central Pain | pain due to disorder that causes CNS damage |
| Chronic Pain | recurring or persistant pain; often difficult to treat; longer than 3 - 6 months and lasting 1 month after tissue healing |
| Deep Pain | pain in tissues below skin level |
| Gate Theory | theory of pain transmission; gate modle to explain how impulses from damaged tissues are sensed in the brain |
| Narcotics | Medically - any medically used controled substance Legal -any illicit or street drug |
| Neuropathic Pain | pain associated with disturbance of function or pathologic change in a nerve |
| Nociception | process of pain signals in the brain that leads to feeling pain |
| Nociceptors | subclass of sensory nerves that transmit pain signals to the CNS from other parts of the body |
| Nonopiod analgesics | analgesics that are not opiors |
| NSAID's | nonsteroidal antiinflammaroty drugs; chemically diverse group of non steroid drugs that are analgesic, antiinflammatory, antipyretic |
| Opiod analgesics | synthetic; binds to opioid receptors to block pain |
| Opiod Naive | a pt being treated with opiod for the first time |
| Opiod Tolerant | physiologic condition due to long term use of opiods; greater risk of withdrawl symptoms |
| Opiod Tolerance | physiologic condition resulting from long term opiod use; larger doses are required; abrupt discontinuation results in withdrawl |
| Opiod withdrawl | S&S of stoping use of opiods when body has become physically dependant; |
| Pain Threshold | level of stimulace that results in sensation of pain |
| Pain tolerance | individual; level of pain a pt can indure without interfering with normal function |
| Physical Dependance | withdrawl symptons due to abrupt cessation, rapid reduction, decreasing blood levels or the drug, and/or admin of an antagonist; physical adaptation of the body to an opiod or other addictive substance |
| Refered Pain | pain occuring away from the organ of origin |
| Somatic Pain | pain originating from skeletal muscles, ligaments, or joints |
| Superficial pain | pain originating in the skin or mucous membranes |
| Synergistic Effect | drug interations - 2 or more drugs w/similar action that are greater than the sum of the individual effects 1+1>2 |
| Vascular Pain | Pain that results from apathology of the vascular or perivascular tissues |
| Visceral Pain | pain originating from smooth muscle or organs |
| 3 main receptors involved in pain sensation | Mu- dorsal horn (pain & feeling of well being Kappa Delta |
| meperidine like drugs | meperidine, fentanyl, remifentanil, sufentanil, alfentanil |
| methadone like drugs | methadone, propoxyphene |
| morphine like drugs | morephine, heroin, hydromorphone, oxymorphone, levorphanol, oxycodone |
| codeine sulfate, use & class | cough relief; opiate analgesic, opium alkaloid |
| fentanyl citrate (Duragesic, Oralet, Actiq), use & class | procedural sedation or adjunct to general anesthesia; opiod analgesic |
| meperidine HCL (Demerol, Pethidine), use & class | obstetric analgesia, preoperative sedation; Opiod analgesic |
| methadone HCL (Dolophine, use & class | opiod analgesic, relief of chronic pain, opiod detoxification, opiod addiction maintenance |
| morphine sulfate (MSIR, Roxanol, Kadian, Avinza, others), use & class | opiod analgesic; opiate analgesic, opiod alkaloid |
Created by:
freenpackn
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