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Glossary of terms
2.3 (terms + meanings)
| term | meaning |
|---|---|
| absorption | movement of drug from dosage formulation to the blood |
| active transport | movement of drug molecules across membranes by active means |
| additive effect | the increase in effect when two drugs of similar action are taken |
| admixture | the resulting solution when a drug is added to a parenteral solution |
| agonist | drugs that active receptors to accelerate or slow normal cell function |
| anhydrous | without water molecules |
| bioavailibility | the relative amount of an aministered dose that reaches general circulation and for which the rate that this occurs |
| bioequivalance | the comparison of bioavailibility between two dosage forms |
| closed formulary | a limited list of approved medications |
| DEA number | required on all controlled drug prescriptions; identifies the prescriber |
| duration of action | the time the drug concentration is above the minimum effective concentration (MEC) |
| enterohepatic cycling | the transfer of drugs and their metabolites from the liver to the bile in the gall bladderand then into the intestine, and back into circulation |
| first pass metabolism | the substancial degration of a drug caused by enzyme metabolismin the liver before the drug reaches the systemic system |
| Geometric dilution | mixing two powders of unequal quanity |
| glomerular filtration | blood filtering process of the kidneys |
| HEPA filter | high efficiency particulate air filter |
| hypertonic | a solution that has a greater osmolarity than blood |
| NDC | national drug code (number assigned to the manufacturer in 3 sets.) |
| OBRA '90 | federal act that mandates pharmacists to provide counceling on all new prescriptions |
| orange book | the common name for the FDA's approved drugs |
| teratogenecity | the ability of a subtance to cause abnormal fetal development |
| TPN | total parental nutrition solution |
| adverse effect | an unintended side effect of a medication that is negative or in some way injurous to the patient |
| alimentary tract | the organs from the mouth to the anus. |
| ampule | sealed glass container with an elongated nect that must be snapped out |
| antagonist | a drug that binds with receptors but does not activate them |
| antibiotic | a subtance which harms or kills microorganisms like bacteria and fungi |
| antidote | a drug that antagonizes the toxic effectof another drug |
| aqueous | water-based |
| automated dispensing system | a system in which medications are dispensed from and automated unit at point of use |
| auxiliary labels | a label which can be affixed to a prescription container which contains specific warnings with taking the medication |
| body surface area | a measure used for the medication dosing which takes into concideration the patient's height and wieght. ( square meters) |
| concentration | the strength of a solution |
| conversions | the change from one unit of measure to another so that the amounts are equal |
| diluent | a solvent that dilutes a freeze-dried substance or dilutes a solution |
| extemporaneous compounding | the on-demand preparation of a drug product |
| flow rate | the rate at which a solution is administered to a patient |
| gauge | a measurment for needles; higher gauge means smaller needle |
| HIPAA (health information portability & accountibility act) | a federal act that protects patient's privacy |
| hypotonic | a solution which has a lower osomolarity than blood |
| hypersensitivity | an abnormal sensitivity generally resulting in an allergic reaction |
| infusion | the gradual intravenous injection of a volume of fluid |
| isotonic | a solution which has the same osomolarity as blood |
| legend drug | any drug whcih requires a prescription |
| look-alikes | drug name that have similar appearance.especially, when written |
| MSDS (material safety data sheets) | required notices for hadarous subtances |
| meniscus | the curved surface of a column of liquid |
| milliequivalent (mEq) | unit of measure for electrolytes in a solution |
| parental | a route of administration to any organ outside of the alimentary tract |
| passive diffusion | the movement of drugs from an area of higher concentration to a lower concentration |
| signa | the directions for use of prescription |
| solvent | a liquid that dissolves another substance in it |
| therapeutic equivalent | pharmaceutical equivalents that produce the same effects in patients |
| pharmaceutical alternative | drug products that contain the same active ingredients, but not necessarily in the same amount or dosage form |
| pharmaceutical equivalent | drug products that contain identical amounts of the same active ingredients in the same dosage form |
Created by:
mctanner
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