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Pysch Ch. 9
Chapter 9--Learning
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cognition | mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, and remembering |
| Concept | mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas or people |
| Prototype | mental image or best example of a category |
| Algorithm | a rule or procedure that guaruntees solving a problem |
| Heuristic | strategies that allow us to solve problems efficently |
| Insight | sudden and often novel realization to the solution of a problem |
| Confirmation Bias | searching for info that confirms our ideas |
| Fixation | inability to see a problem from a new perspective |
| Functional Fixedness | to think of things, only in terms of their usual function |
| Representativeness Heuristic | how well a thing represents or matches a paticular prototype |
| Availability Heuristic | estimate the likelihood of events based upon their availability in memory |
| Overconfidence | tendency to be more confident than correct |
| Framing | the way the issue is posed |
| Belief Perserverance | to stay with one's belief even after it's been disproved |
| Language | our spoken, written or gestured words and the way we combine them |
| Babbling Stage | begins at 4 months, an infant speaks various sounds |
| One-word Stage | one to two years of age, children speak in single words |
| Two word Stage | begins at about 2 years of age, children speak in two word statements |
| Telegraphic Speech | children speak like telegrams using mostly nouns and verbs. no extra words |
| Linguistic Relativity | language determines the way you think |
| Intelligence | mental abilities needed to select, adapt to and shape enviroments |
| Mental Age | chronological age, typical of a given level of performance |
| Stanford Bennet Test | mostly widely used IQ test |
| Factor Analysis | researchers can identify clusters of test items that measure a common ability |
| General Intelligence | your overall intelligence |
| Savant Syndrome | person with limited mental ability has an amazing specific skill |
| Creativity | ability to produce novel and valuable ideas |
| Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale | most widely used intelligence test |
| Aptitude Test | to predict a person's future performance |
| Achievement Test | to assess what a person has learned |
| Standardization | defining scored compared to a pretest group |
| Normal Curve | bell shaped pattern of scores, describes distribution of test scores |
| Reliability | extent to which a test yields consistant results |
| Validity | extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to |
| Emotional Intelligence | ability to percieve, understand and manage emotions |
| Mental Retardation | IQ below 70 |
| Down Syndrome | mental retardation and physical problems caused by an extra chromosome |
| Heritability | variation in intelligence test scores due to genetic factors |
Created by:
melrose34
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