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Final Psych Exam

Middle Childhood: Cognition

QuestionAnswer
Concrete Operational Capable of mental operations
Conservation Understanding that some properties of an object of substance remain the same even when its appearance is altered.
Decentration Cognitive ability to pull away from focusing on just one feature of an object in order to consider multiple features
Reversibility Mental operation in which the child realizes that one operation can be negated, or reversed, by the effects of another
Conservation of numbers Recognizing the one to one correspondence between sets of objects of equal number
Classification -Between 7 to 10 years -Class inclusion problems -Shown 16 flowers 12 yellow, 4 blue -collections usually start in middle childhood
Seriation The ability to order things along a quantitative dimension. Transitive inference -A longer than B and B longer than C child can infer that A must be longer than C
Spatial Reasoning Directions -Name things from left to right -Perform mental rotations Maps -Cognitive maps Culture -Nonwestern communites -India vs. US
Ego centrism Communicate more effectively about objects the listener can't see
Social relations Regulate interactions Take intentions into account when judging behavior
Limitations -Only able to think in a logical, organized fashion when dealing with concrete information -Child has trouble applying conservation principles to other relevant situations -thinking hypothetically
Impact of Culture and Schooling -Paiget's research suggests eventual mastery of conservation is universal -Some cultures provided more relevant experiences which changes when mastery will occur Tribal and village societies usually show a delay on conservation
Critics and cross cultural research Researches suggest some people will never master conservation while others criticizes the methods used when collecting information Tests -Training, Australian children from Canberra vs. Inuit children in remote parts of Canada Language -Nyiti (1
Created by: 1350900100
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