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physicalscience AM

chapter 10 vocab. terms- Heat and Heat Technology

termdefinition
temperature a measure of how hot or cold something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object
thermal expansion an increase in the size of a substacne in response to an increase in the temperature of the substance
absolute zero the temperature at which molecular energy is at a minimum (0 K on the Kelvin scale or -273.16 degrees celcius on the celsius scale)
heat the energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures
thermal energy the kinetic energy of a substance's atoms
thermal conduction the transfer of energy as heat through a material
thermal conductor a material through which energy can be transferred as heat
thermal insulator a material that reduces or prevents the transfer of heat
convection the transfer of thermal energy by the circulation or movement of a liquid or gas
radiation the transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves
specific heat the quantity of heat required to raise a unit mass of homogeneous material 1K or 1 degree celcius in a specified way given constant pressure and volume
states of matter the physical forms of matter, which include solid, liquid, and gas
change of state the change of a substance from one physical state to another
insulation a substance that reduces the transfer of electricity, heat, or sound
heat engine a machine that transforms heat into mechanical energy, or work
thermal pollution a temperature increase in a body of water that is caused by human activity and that has a harmful effect on water quality and on the ability of that body of water to support life
Created by: amalum
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